摘要
【目的】比较稻田养殖和池塘养殖华南鲤(Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus)肌肉营养成分,为稻田养殖华南鲤的营养价值研究提供可靠依据。【方法】参照食品安全国家标准中的方法分别测定稻田养殖华南鲤和池塘养殖华南鲤肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素等营养成分,并用SPSS 12.0对测定结果进行比较分析。【结果】稻田养殖华南鲤肌肉中除粗脂肪含量极显著低于池溏养殖华南鲤(P<0.01,下同)以外,其他常规营养成分含量与池塘养殖华南鲤相近。用酸水解法检测得到的16种氨基酸含量在两种养殖方式华南鲤肌肉间均不存在显著差异(P>0.05,下同),计算必需氨基酸评分时,稻田养殖和池塘养殖华南鲤必需氨基酸含量分别占氨基酸总量的40.64%和40.67%,高于联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)评分模式(31.50%),接近于全鸡蛋蛋白质模式(43.10%)。两种养殖方式的华南鲤脂肪酸除豆蔻酸(C14:0)含量存在极显著差异外,其他22种脂肪酸含量均不存在显著差异,两种鱼的不饱和脂肪酸含量均在72.00%以上,分别为72.91%(稻田)和74.38%(池塘)。稻田养殖华南鲤肌肉中钙、锌、铁和硒含量极显著或显著(P<0.05)高于池塘养殖的华南鲤。【结论】稻田养殖华南鲤的必需氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸含量高、组成合理,且具有总脂肪含量低、矿物元素含量高等特点,是更加健康环保的营养食品。
【Objective】The muscle nutritional components of Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy fields and pools were compared to provide the reliable data for the nutritional value research of C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field.【Method】The conventional nutrient components,amino acid,fatty acid and mineral elements in muscle of C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy fields and pools were detected according to the methods of the national standards of food safety,and the data were comparatively analyzed by using of SPSS 12.0 software.【Result】The results showed that crude fat of C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field was extremely lower than that of C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in pool(P<0.01,the same below),but other nutrient components contents were close to those cultured in pool.There was no significant difference in the contents of 16 amino acids detected by acid-hydrolysis method between the C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field and the C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in pool(P>0.05,the same below).The evaluation of amino acids showed that,for essential amino acid,the essential amino acid contents in C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field and pool accounted for 40.64%and 40.67%of the total,which were higher than the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization(FAO/WHO)model standard(31.50%),and close to whole egg protein standard(43.10%).Except for the content of myristic acid(C14:0)existed extremely significant difference between the two culture methods,there was no significant difference in other 22 fatty acids between the two groups.The total content of unsaturated fatty acids was more than 72.00%in paddy field group(72.91%)and in pool group(74.38%).Compared with the C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in pool,the mineral element contents of calcium(Ca),zinc(Zn),iron(Fe)and selenium(Se)in muscle of C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field were significantly(P<0.05)or extremely significantly higher.【Conclusion】C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field not only has the characteristics of high essential amino acids and high unsaturated fatty acids with reasonable composition,but also contains low content of crude fat and high mineral elements.So C.carpio rubrofuscus cultured in paddy field is healthy and environmental-friendly food.
作者
马冬梅
朱华平
黄樟翰
樊佳佳
MA Dong-mei;ZHU Hua-ping;HUANG Zhang-han;FAN Jia-jia(Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application&Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510380,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2518-2524,共7页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2017HY-ZC04)
广州市科技计划项目(201803020034)
关键词
华南鲤
稻田养殖
池塘养殖
氨基酸
脂肪酸
矿物元素
Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus
culture in paddy field
culture in pool
amino acid
fatty acid
mineral element
