摘要
针对撞击式油茶果破壳装置破壳率低和碎籽率高的问题,设计了一种破壳装置。该装置由破壳组件、加料装置、动力及驱动装置、机架等组成。破壳组件主要包括外壳体、转子、叶轮,三者同轴安装,形成破壳空腔,利用转子和叶轮的高速旋转,使油茶果与转子及外壳体内壁发生撞击完成破壳。在运动过程中确保足够大的撞击力从而提高破壳率,采用圆弧面导料板可有效降低碎籽率。以油茶果含水率、主轴转速和导料板安装角度为影响因素,以破壳率和碎籽率为评价指标,对破壳装置进行L_9(3~4)正交试验,结果,当油茶果含水率约为60%、主轴转速为425 r/min、导料板安装角度为75°时,破壳率可达95.37%,碎籽率可降至4.27%。
Aiming at the problem of low shelling rate and high seed-breaking rate of the impact shelling device for Camellia oleifera fruit,a shell-breaking device was designed,which consists of a shelling component,a feeding device,power and driving device,and a frame.The shelling component mainly comprises an outer casing,a rotor and an impeller,which are coaxially mounted to form a broken shell cavity.The Camellia oleifera fruit were accelerated by the rotor and the impeller rotating with high speed and broken by impacting with the rotor,the outer shell and the inner wall.In the working process,sufficient impact force is ensured to increase the shelling rate,and the arc-shaped guide plate is used to effectively reduce the seed-breaking rate.Take the moisture content of Camellia oleifera fruit,the spindle speed and the installation angle of the guide plate as the influencing factors.The shelling rate and seed-breaking rate were used as evaluation indicators to obtain the best combination parameters.The test results showed that when the water content of the Camellia oleifera fruit is about 60%,the spindle speed is 425 r/min,and the guide plate installation angle is 75°,the shelling rate was up to 95.37%with the lowest seed-breaking rate of 4.27%.
作者
廖配
全腊珍
肖旭
杨思远
李岑
胡跃腾
LIAO Pei;QUAN Lazhen;XIAO Xu;YANG Siyuan;LI Cen;HU Yueteng(College of Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Modern Agricultural Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center of Hunan Provincial,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期108-112,共5页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
湖南省财政厅项目(1311006)
关键词
油茶果破壳装置
撞击
破壳
shelling device for Camellia oleifera fruit
impact
shelling
