摘要
坡改梯对提高耕地的经济效益和环境生态效益具有重要的作用,梯田断面设计是保证梯田功能实现和运行的关键,梯田断面稳定性与土壤的抗剪强度有关,土壤抗剪强度与土壤类型有着直接的联系,针对豫西南坡改梯的重大需求,选取豫西南坡耕地分布区5种主要土壤类型并进行基本的物理性试验和固结不排水三轴剪切试验,得到了5种土壤类型日常工况和暴雨工况下的抗剪强度指标,采用暴雨工况下不同土壤的抗剪强度指标,分别设计4种梯田田坎高度和田坎坡度样式,利用理正软件进行土坎梯田田坎稳定性分析。结果表明:在相同工况下,立黄土梯田在设定的4种田坎高度和边坡样式条件下,都满足稳定性要求,黄刚土在田坎高度为2.5m时,梯田最大边坡不宜超过60°时,当边坡超过60°时,土坎梯田稳定性不满足安全要求。棕壤、褐土和黄棕土壤土土坎梯田设计高度不宜超过2m,边坡不宜超过65°。这说明在相条件下,立黄土土坎梯田边坡稳定性最好,其次是黄刚土,棕壤、褐土和黄棕土壤土坎梯田稳定性相对较差,研究结果可为豫西南土坎水平梯田多样化的设计提供依据。
Slop-terrace transformation project has obvious effect on improving the cultivated land economic and ecological benefits.The proper cross section design is the key to ensure the function implementation and operation of terrace,the terrace ridge stability is mainly affected by the ridge height,lateral slope,cohesion,internal friction angle and other factors,which have direct contact with the soil types.According to the great demand of slop-terrace transformation project in the southwest of He′nan Province,we selected the 5 major soil types and sampling in slope farmland distribution area of southern He′nan,after the tests of the basic physical and the triaxial consolidated-undrained shear tests on the soil samples in laboratory,we obtained the shear strength indexes of 5 kinds of soil types under the daily working conditions and heavy rain conditions.According to the different soil indicators of total cohesion,total internal friction angle,we designed 4 kinds of terrace ridge height and slope style,respectively,to different soil types,and with the software of Lizheng,analyzed the terrace stability of different soil types and different ridge and slope in the rainstorm conditions.The result show that:in the same condition,loess terrace meets the stability requirements under all kinds of loess terrace ridge height and slope style conditions,as to the Huanggang soil,when the ridge height is 2.5 m,the maximum slope terrace should not exceed 60°,otherwise,the terrace ridge slope does not meet the safety requirements of the stability,while as to brown soil,cinnamon soil and yellow-brown soil,the ridge terrace design height should not exceed 2 m and the slope should not exceed 65°,showing that,in the same condition,the stability of the loess terrace is the best,followed by Huanggang soil,while the stability of the brown soil,cinnamon soil and yellow-brown soil terrace is relatively weak.The results of this study can provide the scientific basis for the diversified design of ridged level terrace in southwest of He′nan Province.
作者
杨柳
郝仕龙
范云鹏
YANG Liu;HAO Shilong;FAN Yunpeng(Supervision and Monitoring Station of Soil and Water Conservation in Nanyang City,Nanyang,He′nan 473000,China;School of Resources and Environment,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450011,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of He′nan Province,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang,He′nan 473061,China;The Water Conservancy Bureau of Nanyang City,Nanyang,He′nan 473068,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期282-286,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室开放课题基金"豫西黄土丘陵区坡耕地水土流失控制理论与技术研究"(201604)
关键词
豫西南
水平梯田
田坎
稳定分析
southwest He′nan
level terrace
ridge
stability analysis
