摘要
一氧化碳储罐一旦发生泄漏,造成的危害很严重.利用ALOHA软件对一氧化碳储罐泄露引发的重大灾害进行模拟.结果表明:(1)蒸汽云爆炸及产生的冲击波危害中,根据一氧化碳浓度进行了3级划分,第一警戒区内一氧化碳浓度高于7.5×10^(-11)mg/L,冲击波压力高于55 160 Pa,泄漏半径为20 m;第二警戒区内浓度为1.25×10^(-11)～7.5×10^(-11)mg/L,压力为24 133～55 160 Pa,泄漏半径为40 m;第三警戒区为0.5×10^(-11)～1.25×10^(-11)mg/L,压力为6 895～24 133 Pa,泄漏半径为100 m;(2)对毒害事故进行了等级划分,一级致毒区距泄漏点下风向420～600 m,一氧化碳浓度高于200 mg/L;二级致毒区距泄漏点下风向380～420 m,一氧化碳浓度高于350 mg/L;三级致毒区为泄漏点下风向380 m内,一氧化碳浓度高于500 mg/L;(3)对泄漏点下风向约183 m处(敏感点)的一氧化碳浓度进行了研究,分析表明,该点室内一氧化碳浓度短时间内骤增至1 600 mg/L,随后呈阶梯状下降,约35 min时趋于平稳浓度350 mg/L.模拟结果可为该一氧化碳储罐系统风险评估、事故救援提供理论依据.
The damage caused by carbon monoxide tank leakage is very serious. This paper uses the ALOHA software to simulate the major disasters caused by carbon monoxide tank leakage. Results show that:(1) in the explosion of steam cloud and the damage caused by shock wave, carbon monoxide concentration is divided into three grades. The carbon monoxide concentration in the first alert area is higher than 7.5×10 -11 mg/L, and the shock wave pressure is higher than 55 160 Pa, which is a circle 20 m from the leakage point. The concentration of the second alert area is 1.215×10 -11 ~7.5×10 -11 mg/L, and the pressure is 24 133~55 160 Pa, 40 m from the leak point. The third alarm area is 0.5×10 -11 ~1.25×10 -11 mg/L, and the pressure is 6 895~24 133 Pa, 100 m above the circle from the leakage point.(2) the toxic accidents are classified into classes. The primary toxic zone is 420~600 m from the wind direction under the leakage point, and the carbon monoxide concentration is higher than 200 mg/L. The secondary toxic zone is 380~420 m from the wind direction under the leakage point, and the carbon monoxide concentration is higher than 350 mg/L. The three-stage toxic zone is within 380 m of the wind direction under the leakage point, and the carbon monoxide concentration is higher than 500 mg/L.(3) the wind at a distance of 183 m under the leak of carbon monoxide concentrations are studied. Results show that the indoor carbon monoxide concentration at this point increases rapidly to 1 600 mg/L in a short time(sensitive spot), and then decreases in a step-wise manner. The concentration tends to be stable to 350 mg/L at about 35 min. The simulation results can provide theoretical basis for risk assessment and accident rescue of the carbon monoxide tank system.
作者
米立华
刘何清
鲁义
刘梦红
陈芬
朱凯颖
Mi Lihua;Liu Heqing;Lu Yi;Liu Menghong;Chen Fen;Zhu Kaiying(School of Resources, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201,China)
出处
《矿业工程研究》
2018年第4期51-55,共5页
Mineral Engineering Research
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51474105)
关键词
危化品
一氧化碳储罐泄露
ALOHA
事故模拟
hazardous chemicals
carbon monoxide tank leakage
ALOHA
accident simulation
