摘要
[目的]林分密度对林下植物组成和物种多样性有显著影响,调整林分密度是森林生态系统经营的主要技术途径,对于特定地区某种森林类型,林下植被的植物组成和物种多样性对林分密度变化的响应模式对指导森林经营技术指标的确定有现实意义。[方法]本研究以关帝山林区孝文山林场油松天然次生林为研究对象,采用密度系列典型样方调查和植物组成和物种多样性统计分析的方法进行研究。[结果]林下植物组成和物种多样性指数对林分密度的响应存在显著差异:林分密度由高到低,林下草本层和灌木层植物组成呈现一个由耐阴植物到喜光植物的变化;随着林分密度的减小,草本和灌木的丰富度、Simpson和基于Simpson的Pielou均匀度指数呈增大趋势,Shannon-wiener、基于Shannon-wiener的Pielou均匀度指数和Alatalo均匀度呈先增后减趋势。[结论]对林分密度过大的天然次生林应该采取合理的抚育措施,将林分密度调控至一个适度的范围,以加快林分更新,增加物种多样性,培育稳定的森林生态系统;关帝山油松天然次生林密度在850～1 000株·hm^(-2)能维持较高的物种多样性,为最适密度范围。
[Objective]Stand density has a significant effect on the composition and species diversity of plants in the understory.Adjusting forest density is the main way of forest ecosystem management.Response model has practical significance in determining the technical indexes of forest management in a certain forest type of specific area.Present study was aimed to construct a response model with the change of stand composition and species diversity resulting from changes of stand density.[Methods]The research material of this study was the natural secondary forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in Xiaowen forestry farm of Guandi Mountain.A typical sample survey based on density series was conducted and a statistical analysis of plant composition and species diversity was performed.[Results]The results showed significant differences in response of plant composition and species diversity to stand density.Herb and shrub richness,Simpson and Simpson-based Pielou evenness index were increased with the decrease of forest density.Shannon-wiener,Shannon-wiener based Pielou,and Alatalo evenness index were enhanced at beginning and then decreased with the decrease of forest density.[Conclusion]Reasonable reproduction strategy should be adopted to regulate excessive stand density of natural secondary forests to a moderate range,and to accelerate stand regeneration and increase species diversity and foster stable forest ecosystems.Stand density between 850~1 000 trees·hm^-2 can maintain high species diversity,which is the optimum density range for natural secondary forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in Guandi Mountain.
作者
覃志杰
董威
刘泰瑞
张芸香
郭晋平
武彦明
Tan Zhijie;Dong Wei;Liu Tairui;Zhang Yunxiang;Guo Jinping;Wu Yanming(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801,China;Graduate School of Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Wenyu River National Wetland Park Administration, Jiaocheng 030500,China)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第1期61-67,共7页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
山西省重点研发计划专项(2018LYCX32)
国家林业行业专项(201404417)
山西省攻关项目(20140311014-3)
关键词
林分密度
林下植被
物种组成
物种多样性
油松
关帝山
Stand density
Understory vegetation
species composition
species diversity
Pinus tabulaeformis
Guandi mountain
