摘要
为筛选能有效抑制豇豆枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum)的生防真菌,采用平板稀释法和平板对峙法从武汉设施蔬菜根际土壤中分离、纯化、筛选出一株优势拮抗真菌MA4,根据形态学和菌株18S rDNA序列对MA4菌株进行鉴定,采用平板对峙法对其抑菌活性和稳定性进行测定,并进行盆栽防效试验。结果表明,MA4对豇豆枯萎病菌的抑制率为75.69%;根据其形态学鉴定和18S rDNA序列分析,确定MA4菌株为哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum),将该序列在GenBank中进行注册登录,登录号为MH539514。MA4菌株对番茄灰霉病菌、辣椒根腐病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌、茄子褐纹病菌、番茄早疫病菌、茄子烂秆病菌和番茄果腐病菌等8种病原菌均具有良好的抑制作用,抑制率为62.12%～86.93%;MA4菌株经10代继代培养后,对豇豆枯萎病菌的抑制率仍为80.86%。盆栽试验结果表明,接种14 d后施加MA4发酵液的处理病情指数为11.85%,防效达85.75%,且对豇豆植株具有一定促生作用。
To screen microbial resources for biological control of cowpea wilt,a dominant antagonistic fungus MA4 strain against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.tracheiphilum was isolated,purified and screened from rhizosphere soil in Wuhan by dilution plating and confront culture method.The MA4 strain was identified according to its morphology and 18S rDNA sequence.The antifungal spectrum and stability of MA4 strain were studied by the plate confrontation method,and the pot experiment was also carried out.The results showed that the antifungal activity of MA4 against F.oxysporum f.sp.tracheiphilum was 75.69%.According to its morphology and 18S rDNA sequence analysis,the MA4 strain was identified as Trichoderma harzianum,and registered the sequence in GenBank with a login number of MH539514.The antifungal activity of MA4 against Botrytis cinerea,F.oxysporum Schlecht,F.oxyporum f.sp.niveum,F.oxysporum.f.sp.cucumebrium,Phomopsis vexans,Alternaria solani,P.vexans and Rhizoctonia solani was from 62.12%to 86.93%.After the subculture of 10 generations,the antifungal activity of MA4 against F.oxysporum f.sp.tracheiphilum was 80.86%.The results of the potted experiment showed that the disease index of the treatment with MA4 fermentation liquor after 14 d inoculation was 11.85%,the prevention efficiency was 85.75%,and it had certain promoting effect on cowpea plants.
作者
申君
杨绍丽
吴仁锋
SHEN Jun;YANG Shao-li;WU Ren-feng(Institute of Vegetable,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430065,China;College of Horticulture,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,Henan,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2019年第2期79-83,95,共6页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
武汉市农业科学院科技创新项目(CX201801)
