摘要
目的了解辽宁省外环境禽流感病毒分布特征,为预防和控制禽流感提供依据。方法收集2016—2017年辽宁省城乡活禽市场、活禽批发市场、家禽规模养殖场(户)、散养户集中地和屠宰加工厂等场所禽流感病毒监测资料,以及2016年6—8月和2017年3—5月应急监测资料,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测A型、H5、H7和H9亚型流感病毒核酸,分析辽宁省涉禽环境的禽流感病毒亚型分布。结果 2016—2017年采集并检测外环境标本4 037份,检出A型禽流感病毒阳性177份,阳性率为4.38%;2017年阳性率为6.26%,高于2016年的2.40%(P<0.05);以H9亚型阳性率最高,为3.07%;2017年首次检出H7亚型。第一至四季度禽流感病毒核酸阳性率分别为8.54%、4.88%、2.17%和1.45%。不同涉禽场所以活禽市场的禽流感病毒核酸阳性率最高,为8.08%,检出亚型以H9为主。不同类型涉禽标本以笼具表面擦拭物、清洗禽类的污水标本的禽流感病毒核酸阳性率较高,分别为23.47%和15.96%;各类标本均有H5、H9亚型检出,在禽类粪便、笼具表面擦拭物、禽类饮水和宰杀或摆放禽类砧板表面擦拭物中检测到H7亚型或其混合型。结论辽宁省外环境禽流感病毒主要为H9和H5亚型,2017年检出H7亚型,活禽市场应重点监测和防控,特别是在冬春季。
Objective To learn the epidemic distribution of avian influenza virus in external environments in LiaoningProvince,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of avian influenza. Methods The environmental sampleswere collected monthly during 2016 and 2017(including samples from emergency monitoring in June to August,2016 andMarch to May,2017) from live poultry markets,live poultry wholesale markets,large-scale poultry farms(households),free-range poultry famers and poultry processing factories in Liaoning Province. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assay wasused to detect nucleic acid of Influenza A as well as H5,H7 and H9 subtypes in the environmental samples. The distributionof avian influenza virus in external environments in Liaoning Province was analyzed. Results A total of 4 037 environmentalsamples were collected and detected from 2016 to 2017, there were 177 copies of type A avian influenza virus and thepositive rate of avian influenza A virus was 4.38%. The positive rate in 2017 was 6.26%, which was higher than 2.40% in 2016(P<0.05). H9 subtype had the highest positive rate of 3.07%;H7 subtype was first detected in 2017. The positive rates ofavian influenza virus from the first to fourth quarters of a year were 8.54%,4.88%,2.17% and 1.45%,respectively. Thepositive rates of avian influenza virus in live poultry markets were 8.08%,the highest among different sites,and the subtypeswere mainly H9. The positive rates of avian influenza virus in samples of poultry cage and poultry washing sewage were23.47% and 15.96%. H5 and H9 subtypes were detected in all types of samples, and H7 subtypes or mixed types weredetected in samples of feces,poultry cage,poultry drinking water and chopping board. Conclusion The subtypes of avianinfluenza virus in the environments of Liaoning Province were mostly H9 and H5,and the H7 was first detected in 2017. Livepoultry markets should be the key monitoring sites,especially in winter and spring.
作者
王璐璐
孙海波
孙佰红
刘双
宋亦春
毛玲玲
孙英伟
姚文清
WANG Lu-lu;SUN Hai-bo;SUN Bai-hong;LIU Shuang;SONG Yi-chun;MAO Ling-ling;SUN Ying-wei;YAO Wen-qing(Institute for Communicable and Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control,Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2019年第3期221-224,共4页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
基金
国家重大传染病防治科技重大专项项目(2017ZX10103007-001)
关键词
禽流感
外环境
核酸检测
活禽市场
Avian influenza
External environment
Nucleic acid detection
Poultry market
