摘要
目的了解中学生自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂行为及影响因素,为开展中学生自杀干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取宁波市普通初中、普通高中和职业高中在校学生,采用自行编制的问卷调查基本情况及近12个月内自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂行为,采用Logistic回归模型分析中学生自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂行为的影响因素。结果发放调查问卷10 729份,回收有效问卷10 726份,问卷有效率为99.97%。最近12个月内中学生自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂行为的检出率分别为12.93%、4.54%和5.06%。女生(OR:1.397～1.575,95%CI:1.178～1.927)、初中生(OR:1.625～1.824,95%CI:1.323～2.082)、自感健康状况一般或不好(OR:1.160～2.131, 95%CI:1.005～2.985)、孤独感(OR:1.574～4.423, 95%CI:1.221～5.254)、绝望感(OR:2.796～3.232,95%CI:2.400～3.990)、焦虑感(OR:1.890～2.117,95%CI:1.503～2.496)、平均每天睡眠时间<8 h (OR:1.152～1.263, 95%CI:1.030～1.594)、吸烟(OR:1.476～2.074, 95%CI:1.055～3.072)、饮酒(OR:1.479～1.863,95%CI:1.271～2.296)、打架(OR:1.716～1.941,95%CI:1.330～2.422)和遭受校园暴力(OR:2.254～3.292,95%CI:1.342～5.277)是中学生自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂的共同危险因素,参加体力活动(OR:0.597～0.720,95%CI:0.474～0.923)是共同保护因素。结论性别、年级、自感健康状况、孤独感、绝望感、焦虑感、睡眠时间、吸烟、饮酒、打架、遭受校园暴力和体力活动是宁波市中学生自杀行为的影响因素。
Objective To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of suicide ideation,suicide planning and suicide attemptsamong middle school students and to provide reference for suicide intervention. Methods The students of grade 7 to 12 inNingbo were recruited through multi-stage random sampling method. A self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted tocollect the information about suicide ideation,suicide planning and suicide attempts within 12 months. A multivariate logisticregression model was used to analyze the risk factors for the three aspects of suicide among middle school students.Results A total of 10 729 questionnaires were sent out and 10 726 valid ones were collected,with a validity rate of 99.97%.The prevalence rates of suicide ideation,suicide planning and suicide attempts among middle school students during the last12 months were 12.93%,4.54% and 5.06%,respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated thatfemales(OR:1.397-1.575,95%CI:1.178-1.927),students of grade 7 to 9(OR:1.625-1.824,95%CI:1.323-2.082),poor health condition(OR:1.160-2.131,95%CI:1.005-2.985),loneliness(OR:1.574-4.423,95%CI:1.221-5.254),desperation(OR: 2.796-3.232, 95% CI: 2.400-3.990), anxiety(OR: 1.890-2.117, 95% CI: 1.503-2.496), less than 8 hours a day of sleep(OR: 1.152-1.263, 95% CI: 1.030-1.594), smoking(OR: 1.476-2.074, 95% CI: 1.055-3.072),drinking(OR: 1.479-1.863, 95 % CI: 1.271-2.296), fighting(OR: 1.716-1.941, 95% CI: 1.330-2.422) and schoolbullying(OR: 2.254-3.292, 95% CI: 1.342-5.277) were common risk factors for suicide ideation, suicide planning andsuicide attempts;physical activity(OR: 0.597-0.720, 95% CI: 0.474-0.923) was a common protective factor for suicideideation, suicide planning and suicide attempts. Conclusion Females, lower grade, poor health condition, loneliness,desperation, anxiety, lack of sleep, smoking, drinking, fighting, school bullying and physical activity were influencingfactors for suicidal behaviors.
作者
袁芳
岑焕新
元国平
李辉
龚清海
YUAN Fang;CEN Huan-xin;YUAN Guo-ping;LI Hui;GONG Qing-hai(Jiangbei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315020,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2019年第3期225-230,235,共7页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
基金
宁波市自然科学基金项目(2018A610403)
宁波市科技局自然科学基金项目(2016A610181)
宁波市重点疾病监测项目
关键词
自杀
危险因素
中学生
Suicide
Risk factor
Middle school students
