摘要
针对谷子对大多数除草剂较为敏感,人工除草费时又费力,制约谷子生产发展这一问题,以覆膜谷子膜间喷施除草剂为前提,以张杂谷10号为材料,筛选氟乐灵、二甲戊灵2种二硝基苯胺类土壤处理剂,在谷子播后1 d膜间喷施,对谷子的安全性及膜间施用的各土壤处理剂的有效性进行评价。结果表明,氟乐灵、二甲戊灵3～12 L/hm^2各处理株防效、鲜质量防效分别为68.99%～95.13%,62.97%～96.13%,2个供试除草剂品种9,12 L/hm^2用量对张杂谷10号的生长有一定影响,表现为出苗率、株高和产量受抑制,3,6 L/hm^2用量与CK产量间无显著差异。从除草效果和安全性2个方面综合考虑,覆膜谷田应用土壤处理除草剂防除杂草推荐6 L/hm^2用量的氟乐灵和6 L/hm^2用量的二甲戊灵。综上所述,膜间喷施2种土壤处理剂可以大大避免谷子种子或幼苗与除草剂直接接触,减少药害发生,扩大除草剂的应用范围。
For the problem of crop are more sensitive to most herbicides and artificial weeding needs a lot of time and effort,which restricts the development of crop production,taking film-covered crop sprayed herbicide between films as the premise,Zhangzagu 10 as the material,2 kinds of soil treatment agents of trifluralin,dimethyl valerate were screened.They were sprayed between films one day after crop sowing,the safety of crop and the effectiveness of each soil treatment agent applied in the films were evaluated.The results showed that the all treatments plant prevention effect and the fresh quality prevention effect of trifluralin,dimethyl valerate were 68.99%-95.13%,62.97%-96.13%,respectively,2 herbicide varieties 9,12 L/hm^2 dosage had a certain effect on the growth of Zhangzagu 10,showing that the emergence rate,plant height and yield were inhibited,and the yield of 3,6 L/hm^2 dosage was not significantly different from that of CK.From the aspects of weeding effect and safety,it is recommended to use 6 L/hm^2 dosage of dimethyl valerate and 6 L/hm^2 dosage trifluralin to weed in film-covered crop field.To sum up,spraying 2 kinds of soil treatment agent can greatly avoid direct contact of crop seeds or seedlings and herbicide,reduce the occurrence of drug damage,expand the scope of application of herbicides.
作者
赵夏童
刘韶光
宋喜娥
郭平毅
原向阳
董淑琦
郭美俊
ZHAO Xiatong;LIU Shaoguang;SONG Xi’e;GUO Pingyi;YUAN Xiangyang;DONG Shuqi;GUO Meijun(College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2019年第3期428-432,共5页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A28)
山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划(TYIT201406)
谷子全程机械化产业技术开发项目(2015-TN-09)
山西省自然科学基金面上青年基金项目(201601D202075)
关键词
膜间喷施
土壤处理剂
杂草防效
株高
产量
spraying between films
soil treatment agent
weeding prevention effect
plant height
yield
