摘要
特朗普执政以来,把WTO改革作为美国最重要的多边贸易政策议程。美方认为,WTO在争端解决机制、推进贸易谈判、发展中国家定位、规则透明度以及应对中国"不公平"贸易行为等方面均存在问题,需要进行颠覆性的"破局"改革。为此,美国希望通过多种途径,以"公平"替代"自由",不惜依据本国法律,采取极端贸易保护措施,强力推动改革,重塑美国在全球多边贸易体系的霸权地位,积极践行"美国优先"的单边主义政策。在世界处于百年未有之大变局的背景下,WTO改革面临前所未有的挑战,但也蕴含着与时俱进变革的机遇。改革已是大势所趋,但具体问题分歧大,利益碰撞加剧,各方博弈已白热化。
US President Donald Trump has priorized the WTO reform as the important multi-lateral trade policy agenda of the United States since assuming office. The US believes that problems exist in WTO in such areas as dispute settlement mechanism, promotion of trade negotiation, positioning of developing countries, rules transparency and its dealings with China’s “unfair” trade practices, which requires “breakthrough” reforms. Thus, the US attempts to use various means to replace “freedom” with “fairness”, even by resorting to its domestic laws and adopting extreme trade protectionist measures, in an attempt to promote a reform that would neither topple the old system nor build a new one, to reshape the US hegemonic status in the global multilateral trade system, and to actively put the unilateral strategy of “America First” and “Buy American and Hire American” to practice. In a world amid changes unseen in a hundred years, the WTO reform is confronted with unprecedented challenges, but is also brewing opportunities for reform to keep up with the times. Despite genuine goodwill from various sides, there are wide divergences on concrete problems and intensified conflicts of interest, which would inevitably lead to a fierce battle ahead.
作者
陈凤英
孙立鹏
Chen Fengying;Sun Lipeng
出处
《国际问题研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期61-81,138,共22页
International Studies
