摘要
文章通过对永泰县爱荆庄和仁和庄的阄书中名词的释读,揭示出清中晚期闽东大厝的建筑术语体系,继而通过分析阄书条目的行文方式,梳理其建筑空间定位系统,解析其中暗含的服务于精准定位的空间均质化与服务于等级秩序的空间层级化两种观念。通过对房产分配方式的解读,文章认为两个家族为了维持家族聚居的稳定,采用穿插互渗的分配策略以促进各房支交往并使之相互牵制,同时保证房间数量与空间附带权益的均好,以保证家族内部的公平。除了遵循诸子均分的原则以外,房产分配还反映了大厝平面形制中存在的等级秩序,这体现在等级空间分配的昭穆秩序以及长子权益相对占优等方面。
This paper explains the architectural terminology for the dacuo (i.e., large-scale traditional vernacular housing) in eastern Fujian Province by deciphering the local architectural words in jiushu (i.e., contracts distributing the estate among lineage members) of Aijingzhuang and Renhezhuang large houses. After analysing the words used in jiushu, two types of spacelocating systems are identified: i.e., the homogeneity of spaces that obey the accurate geographic orthogonal grid and the hierarchy of space, which reflects the hierarchy among lineage members. Through a close reading of the scheme of estate distribution among lineage members, its strategy is found to follow three main rules to ensure the lineage's stable inhabitation: i.e., to interweave property locations among brothers to maintain the combination of family members in a dacuo;an equal distribution of numbers of rooms and qualities of spaces among sons, which ensures equality within a lineage;and the hierarchy among lineage members, such as priority given to the eldest son in each generation, which can be seen in the hierarchy in dacuo residential plans.
出处
《建筑遗产》
2019年第1期21-34,共14页
Heritage Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51738008
51678415
51708413)~~
关键词
大厝
闽东
建筑术语
空间观念
平面形制
阄书
dacuo
eastern Fujian Province
architectural terminology
spatial concept
planconfiguration
jiushu
