摘要
针对滚筒式免耕播种机构设计过程中,涉及参数多,交互关系复杂,计算量大,计算方法繁琐,设计周期长,不易完成机构优化设计等问题,设计一种交互式设计平台,通过人机交互,达到缩短设计周期、优化机构的目的。通过对鸭嘴滚轮排种装置及其鸭嘴驱动滚筒组成的核心机构的运动学分析,建立鸭嘴驱动角φ、鸭嘴助力角α、鸭嘴滚轮排种装置角速度ω0和滚筒角速度ω1之间的数学模型;以株距、还田量及播种深度为设计参数,构建目标函数与约束条件,确定优化算法,获得满足设计要求的结构参数,即基本结构参数:滚轮半径R0、滚筒半径R1、鸭嘴高度H、鸭嘴数x,辅助结构参数:助力角α、驱动角φ、开孔数n和开孔长度l;使用Matlab(Matrix&laboratory),根据优化算法编写程序,并通过Matlab图形用户界面,直接在界面中获得优化后的结构参数。通过CATIA环境下二次开发,利用关联设计方法建立参数化模型,通过优化后的结构参数驱动参数化模型改变参数。参照系统所得结构参数加工滚筒式免耕播种机构试验样机并进行样机功能试验。交互式优化设计系统可在不同需求下快速生成各结构参数,准确得出最优参数组合,并生成所需模型,最大限度缩短设计时间,提高设计效率与准确度,同时为解决该类问题提供了一种通用方法。
In the process of structure design of drum-type no-till planter mechanism,many parameters are involved,interaction is complicated,calculation is large,calculation method is tedious,design period is long,and the optimization design of mechanism is not easy to complete.An interactive design platform was studied.Through man-machine interaction,the design cycle was shortened and the mechanism was optimized.Based on the kinematics analysis of the core mechanism composed of duckbill drum seeding device and drum driven by its duckbill,the mathematical models of the driving angle,aiding angle,angular velocity and the angular velocity of roller were established.With plant spacing,return amount and sowing depth as design parameters,objective function and constraint conditions were constructed,optimization algorithm was determined,and structural parameters which met the design requirements were obtained,including the basic structural parameters of roller radius,drum radius,duckbill height and duckbill number,and auxiliary structural parameters of the booster angle,driving angle,number of holes and length of hole.According to the optimization algorithm,the program was written by using Matlab,and the optimized structure parameters were obtained directly through the Matlab graphical user interface.Through the secondary development under the environment of CATIA,the parameterized model was established by using the association design method,and the optimized structural parameters were used to drive the model.According to the structural parameters obtained from the system,the structure test prototype of the drum-type no-till planter mechanism was processed and the functional test of the prototype was carried out.The interactive optimal design system can quickly generate various structural parameters under different requirements,get the optimal parameter combination accurately,generate the required model,shorten the designer’s design time to the maximum extent,and improve the design efficiency and accuracy.At the same time,it provided a general method for the study of this kind of problems.
作者
刘宏新
苏航
李金龙
刘招金
LIU Hongxin;SU Hang;LI Jinlong;LIU Zhaojin(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期58-68,共11页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700100)
关键词
免耕播种机构
人机交互
优化设计
结构参数
参数化
no-till planter mechanism
human-computer interaction
optimization design
structural parameters
parameterization
