摘要
目的了解辽宁省蟑螂密度、侵害率、季节消长和种类构成等情况,为科学开展蟑螂防控提供依据。方法采用粘捕法在居民区、宾馆、餐饮、医院、农贸市场等5种类型城市监测点进行蟑螂监测。结果 2016年共捕获蟑螂9 057只,德国小蠊占97. 15%,为主要优势种群。总密度为0. 50只/张,总侵害率为12. 89%。不同生境蟑螂密度为农贸市场(1. 22只/张)>餐饮(0. 65只/张)>居民区(0. 31只/张)>医院(0. 16只/张)>宾馆(0. 13只/张),而侵害率为农贸市场(25. 38%)>餐饮(13. 59%)、居民区(13. 59%)>医院(7. 59%)>宾馆(4. 93%)。蟑螂密度季节消长变化趋势呈双峰曲线;蟑螂侵害率季节消长变化趋势呈单峰曲线,密度和侵害率的最高峰都分布在8月。不同生境蟑螂密度季节消长中,农贸市场和餐饮蟑螂密度季节消长接近多峰曲线,居民区和宾馆生境蟑螂密度季节消长接近单峰曲线;不同生境蟑螂侵害率季节消长中农贸市场呈双峰曲线,餐饮、居民区和宾馆生境蟑螂侵害率季节消长接近单峰曲线。结论 2016年蟑螂密度季节消长变化趋势呈双峰曲线,而侵害率呈单峰曲线。农贸市场应作为蟑螂防控工作的重点,结合不同生境蟑螂密度和侵害率的季节消长趋势,在高峰期采取综合防控措施,以达到降低蟑螂密度和控制疾病的目的。
Objective To master the condition of cockroach density,infestation situation,seasonal variation and population distribution,and provide basis for developing cockroach control strategies.Methods Stick traps method was employed for monitoring cockroaches.Five types of environment,residential areas,hotels,restaurants,hospitals and farm product markets,were chosen for the investigation.Results A total of 9 057 cockroaches were captured in2016,with the average density of 0.50 insects per sheet,and the dominant species was Blattella germanica(97.15%).The average disoperation rate was 12.89%.The highest cockroach density appeared in farm product market(1.22 insects per sheet)followed by restaurants(0.65 insects per sheet),residential area(0.31 insects per sheet),hospitals(0.16 insects per sheet)and hotels(0.13 insects per sheet),while the highest cockroach disoperation rate appeared in farm product market(25.38%)followed by restaurants(13.59%),residential area(13.59%),hospitals(7.59%)and hotels(4.93%).Seasonal variations of cockroach density showed a double peak curve,while the cockroach infestation rate showed a unimodal curve.The highest peaks of density and disoperation rate were in August.In different habitats,seasonal variation of cockroach density in the farm product markets and restaurants followed a multi peak curve,while that in the residential areas and hotels showed a unimodal curve.In different habitats,seasonal variation of cockroach infestation situation rate in the farm product markets showed a double peak curve,and in the restaurants,residential areas and hotel showed a unimodal curve.Conclusion The farm product market should be the focus of the cockroach prevention and control.Combined with the seasonal fluctuation trend of cockroach density and infestation rate in different habitats,comprehensive prevention should be taken in the active season to reduce cockroach density and control diseases.
作者
张家勇
丁俊
王纯玉
白玉银
张稷博
李志
关玉辉
孙进忠
ZHANG Jia-yong;DING Jun;WANG Chun-yu;BAI Yu-yin;ZHANG Ji-bo;LI Zhi;GUAN Yu-hui;SUN Jin-zhong(Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110005,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2019年第1期43-46,共4页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
关键词
蟑螂
监测
密度
侵害率
cockroaches
surveillance
density
infestation rate
