摘要
目的随着我国居民经济收入水平的提高和健康意识的增强,具有合理营养和保健功能的保健食品越来越受到人们的关注,需求不断增长。本研究通过对杭州市居民保健食品需求现状和影响因素进行研究,分析影响居民保健食品需求的因素及存在的问题,为今后指导居民科学选择保健食品提供依据,同时为保健食品行业发展提供理论研究基础。方法 2016-02-24-2016-03-05采用多阶段随机抽样法,从杭州市选择3个辖区中6个社区的340名居民进行问卷调查,调查内容包括性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、饮食习惯、运动习惯和自评健康状况等基本情况及购买频率、购买类型、购买途径、消费金额、剂型偏好、关注程度和渠道等保健食品购买情况。结果调查对象中保健食品购买率为75.8%,其中主要以购买增强免疫力(54.7%)、补充维生素(54.7%)和补钙(39.8%)类型产品为主,并且主要通过药房、医院和专卖店等途径进行购买;居民购买保健食品剂型主要是口服液(36.0%)、片剂(25.8%)和软胶囊(12.7%);居民对保健食品的产品关注度由高到低依次是产品功效(78.0%)、质量保障(47.8%)、品牌(40.1%)、成分(32.0%)、价格(30.1%)和知名度(19.9%)等;不同年龄(χ2=11.268,P=0.001)、家庭人均月收入(χ2=27.212,P<0.001)、吸烟(χ2=18.004,P=0.004)和运动(χ2=37.223,P<0.001)情况对居民购买保健食品有显著影响。Logistic回归分析显示,家庭人均月收入越高(OR=0.711,95%CI为0.564～0.895,P=0.004)、越经常锻炼(OR=2.414,95%CI为1.679～3.470,P<0.001)的人购买保健食品的概率越高。结论年龄、家庭人均月收入和运动是影响居民购买保健食品的主要因素。国家政府或相关部门应结合居民年龄、收入和运动情况等开展针对性健康教育活动,促进居民合理使用保健食品;保健食品生产商应着力研发功效显著、质量优良、受欢迎剂型的保健食品,提高居民对保健食品的满意度及需求。
OBJECTIVE With the improvement of economic income level and health consciousness of residents in China,health food with reasonable nutrition and health care function has attracted more and more attention,and the demand is growing.By taking a survey through the residents in Hangzhou,this study learns their demand status of the functional food and analyzes the influencing factors and existing problems,in order to provide guidance for residents to choose health food scientifically in the future,and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of health food industry.METHODS A multi-stage random sampling method was used to investigate 340 residents from 6 communities in 3 districts of Hangzhou.A questionnaire survey was conducted from February 24 to March 5 in the year of 2016.The survey included basic information of gender,age,educational level,occupation,marital status,family per capita monthly income,smoking status,drinking status,dietary habits,exercise habits and self-rated health status,as well as purchase frequency,purchase type,purchase route,consumption amount,dosage preference,attention level and channel.RESULTS The purchasing rate of health food was 75.8%.The main types of products were immunity-enhancing products(54.7%),vitamin supplements(54.7%)and calcium supplements(39.8%).These products were mainly purchased through pharmacies,hospitals and monopoly stores.The main types of health food products purchased by residents were oral liquid(36.0%),tablets(25.8%)and soft capsules(12.7%).Residents,attention to health food products ranging from high to low was product efficacy(78.0%),quality assurance(47.8%),brand(40.1%),ingredients(32.0%),price(30.1%)and popularity(19.9%).Different age(χ^2=11.268,P=0.001),per capita monthly income(χ^2=27.212,P<0.001),smoking(χ^2=18.004,P=0.004)and exercise(χ^2=37.223,P<O.001)had a significant impact on residentsf purchasing health food.The Logistic analysis showed that the higher per capita monthly income(OR=0.711,95%CI:0.564-0.895,P=0.004),the more likely people with more regular exercise(OR=2.414,95%CI:1.679-3.470,P<O.001)were to buy health food.CONCLUSIONS Age,family percapita monthly income and exercise are the main factors affecting residents'purchase of health food.The state government or relevant departments should carry out targeted health education activities to promote the rational use of health food among residents through the main channels of purchasing health food in combination with their age,income and smoking activities.Health food manufacturers should focus on research and development of health food with remarkable efficacy,good quality and popular dosage forms to improve residents'satisfaction and demand for health food.
作者
刘淑聪
钟文洁
LIU Shu-cong;ZHONG Wen-jie(Medical College,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310036,P.R.China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
2018年第22期1635-1638,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
基金
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ16G030013)
关键词
居民
保健食品
需求
现状
影响因素
resident
functional food
demand
status
influencing factors
