摘要
为研究日粮中分别或同时添加镉和具有耐镉特性的约氏乳酸杆菌对如草蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响,试验分为5组:对照组、镉组(Cd 5 mg/kg)、低剂量乳酸菌组(Lac 1×10^(10)cfu/kg)、镉加低剂量乳酸菌组(Cd 5 mg/kg+Lac1×10^(10)cfu/kg)、镉加高剂量乳酸菌组(Cd 5 mg/kg+Lac 1×10^(11) cfu/kg)。试验期6周,全程统计分析蛋鸡日采食量、产蛋量、产蛋率和料蛋比。在试验的3周末和6周末各组连续收集三天的鸡蛋,测定蛋品质。结果显示:镉加低剂量乳酸菌组的产蛋量、产蛋率较对照组和镉组分别提高38%、16.22%和5.3%、2.44%,料蛋比降低1.09和0.17。6周时镉加低剂量乳酸菌组的蛋重为48.8 g,较低剂量乳酸菌组提高7.3%(P <0.05);而其蛋白高度较对照组和镉组分别提高24.4%和18.6%(P <0.05)。蛋黄色泽在3周时,各试验组比对照组低1～3级(P <0.01),而在6周时,各试验组比对照组高2～3级(P <0.01)。6周时镉组和镉加高剂量乳酸菌组的蛋黄质量均较低剂量乳酸菌组提高7.9%(P <0.05),而其蛋黄蛋白比均较对照组高12.3%(P <0.01),较低剂量乳酸菌组和镉加低剂量乳酸菌组提高8.5%和6.7%(P <0.05)。蛋壳厚度在3周时,试验组较对照组低0.01～0.02 mm(P <0.01)。蛋壳颜色L在3周和6周时,镉组较对照组值分别降低了4.9%和7.4%(P <0.05);蛋壳颜色a在3周和6周时,镉组较对照组分别提高63.3%和66.7%(P <0.01),在6周时镉组较低剂量乳酸菌组和镉加低剂量乳酸菌组分别提高26.8%和28.6%(P <0.05);蛋壳颜色b在3周时,试验组较对照组分别提高36.5%、25.3%、27.0%和26.4%(P <0.01),在6周时镉组较对照组提高15.4%(P <0.01)。综上,在蛋鸡低镉饲粮中添加1×10^(10)cfu/kg的耐镉乳酸菌可提高蛋鸡的生产性能,且显著增加蛋白高度。
In this trial,we used Ru Cao laying hens as trial animals and added cadmium and cadmium-tolerant Lactobacillus Johnsonii to the diet of laying hens respectively or simultaneously. The laying hens were divided into 5 groups randomly: control group, cadmium group (Cd 5mg/kg),low dose of Lactobacillus(Lac.1×1010 cfu/kg) group,cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus (Cd 5 mg/kg+Lac1×1010 cfu/kg) group and cadmium with high dose of Lactobacillus (Cd 5 mg/kg+Lac1×1011 cfu/kg)group. The experiment period was 6 weeks, and the daily intake,egg yield,egg yield ratio and feed/egg ratio of laying hens were statistically analyzed during the whole trial period. Eggs of five groups were collected for three consecutive days at the third and sixth weekend to measure the egg quality parameters. The results showed that the total egg mass and laying rate of the cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus group were higher 38%,16.22% and 5.3%, 2.44% than those of the control group and the cadmium group at week 6;the feed egg ratio of the cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus group were lower 1.09 and 0.17 than that of the control group and the cadmium group respectively at week 6. The egg weight of the cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus group was 48.8 g and higher 7.3%(P < 0.05) than that of the low dose of Lactobacillus group. The albumen height of the cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus group were higher 24.4% and 18.6%(P < 0.05) than that of the cadmium group and the control group respectively. The yolk color of the test groups were lower 1 ~ 3 grades (P < 0.01) than that of the control group at week 3,but higher 2 ~ 3 grades (P < 0.01) than that of the control group at week 6.The yolk weight of the cadmium group and the cadmium with high dose of Lactobacillus group were higher 7.9%(P < 0.05) than that of the low dose of Lactobacillus group. At the same time, the two groups' egg yolk albumen ratio were higher 12.3%(P < 0.01) than that of the control group, higher 8.5% and 6.7%(P < 0.05) than that of the low dose of Lactobacillus group and the cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus group. Eggshell thickness of experimental groups at week 3 decreased 0.01 ~ 0.02 mm (P < 0.01) compared to the control group. Eggshell color parameter L of the cadmium group were lower 4.9% and 7.4%(P < 0.05) than that of the control group at week 3 and 6 respectively. Eggshell color parameter a of the cadmium group were higher 63.3% and 66.7%(P < 0.01) than that of the control group at week 3 and 6 respectively,and higher 26.8% and 28.6%(P < 0.05) than that of the low dose of Lactobacillus group and cadmium with low dose of Lactobacillus group at week 6. Eggshell color parameter b of the treatment groups were higher 36.5%, 25.3%, 27.0% and 26.4%(P < 0.01) successively than that of the control group at week 3,while that of the cadmium group was higher 15.4%(P < 0.01) than that of the control group. All the results indicated that supplying 1×1010 cfu/kg cadmium-tolerant Lactobacillus to the diets of laying hens with low contents of cadmium could improve the productivity of laying hens and significantly increased the albumen height of egg.
作者
孔令武
蒲俊华
陈大伟
张小燕
唐梦君
刘茵茵
周倩
高玉时
KONG Lingwu;PU Junhua;CHEN Dawei;ZHANG Xiaoyan;TANG Mengjun;LIU Yinyin;ZHOU Qian;GAO Yushi(Yangzhou Shuangyang Biotechnology co. LTD,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province 225124,China;Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province 225125,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2019年第7期28-32,共5页
China Feed
基金
十三五国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0501208)
江苏现代农业(肉鸡)产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2018]251)
扬州市现代农业项目(YZ2017055)
扬州市社会发展面上项目(YZ2017081)
关键词
镉
乳酸菌
蛋鸡
生产性能
蛋品质
cadmium
Lactobacillus
laying hens
productivity
egg quality
