摘要
以土柱模拟试验为基础,利用不同稀释倍数的农村混合污水(污水∶清水为1∶0,1∶1,0∶1)灌溉小麦,进而研究农村混合污水灌溉(WG)对小麦生长、根际土壤养分、酶活性和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明,污水含量的高低对小麦生长及根际土壤养分、酶活性和微生物多样性有一定的影响。与清水灌溉(CK)相比,WG处理后:(1)小麦株高、径粗、鲜重和干重均显著高于CK(P<0.05),小麦叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量显著增加(P<0.05);(2)小麦根际土壤除有机质含量增加16.42%外,pH、土壤全氮、全钾、全磷、速效磷、速效钾和碱解氮含量及综合肥力均降低(0.95%～16.79%),且速效钾含量降低较为显著(P<0.05);(3)小麦根际土壤酸性磷酸酶、脲酶和转化酶活性均显著高于CK(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);(4)由Shannon、Ace、Chao、Coverage、Simpson指数及细菌和真菌在genus水平上的微生物群落结构分布可知,小麦根际土壤细菌多样性降低,真菌多样性增加。同时,改变了小麦根际土壤细菌和真菌在genus水平上优势种的相对丰度,但细菌优势种的种类没有发生改变,真菌优势种的种类发生改变。研究结果可为示范区农村混合污水灌溉模式的研究提供有力的理论依据。
Based on the soil column simulation experiment,wheat was irrigated with different dilutions rural mixed wastewater (sewage∶clear water as 1∶0,1∶1 and 0∶1),and then the effects of rural mixed wastewater irrigation (WG) on wheat growth and soil nutrients,enzyme activity and microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil were studied.The results showed that the content of sewage had a certain influence on wheat growth,soil nutrients,enzyme activity and microbial diversity in wheat rhizosphere soil.Compared with clean water irrigation (CK):(1) The plant height,diameter,fresh weight and dry weight of wheat treated with WG were significantly greater than those in CK treatment (P <0.05),and the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in wheat leaves increased significantly (P <0.05).(2) In the WG treatment,the organic matter content in wheat rhizosphere soil increased by 16.42%,while soil pH,the contents of total nitrogen,total potassium,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,available potassium and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen as well as comprehensive fertility decreased (0.95%~16.79%),and available potassium content decreased significantly (P <0.05).(3) The activities of acid phosphatase,urease and invertase in wheat rhizosphere soil in WG treatment were significantly higher than those in CK treatment (P <0.05),but catalase activity significantly decreased (P <0.05).(4) According to Shannon,Ace,Chao,Coverage,Simpson index and microbial community structure distribution map of bacteria and fungi at genus level,the diversity of bacteria in wheat rhizosphere soil decreased in WG treatment,while the diversity of fungi increased.At the same time,WG changed the relative abundance of dominant species of bacteria and fungi at genus level in wheat rhizosphere soil,but the dominant species of bacteria did not change,and the fungi dominant species changed.This study provides a strong theoretical basis for the study of rural mixed sewage irrigation mode in demonstration area.
作者
刘辉
范东芳
黄引娣
伍永钢
胡林娜
LIU Hui;FAN Dongfang;HUANG Yindi;WU Yonggang;HU Linna(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241003;Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation,Wuhu,Anhui 241003)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期336-341,349,共7页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07204-007-007)
关键词
污水
小麦
根际
土壤养分
酶活性
微生物多样性
wastewater
wheat
rhizosphere
soil nutrient
enzyme activity
microbial diversity
