摘要
日益频发的城市内涝灾害引起了社会各界的广泛关注,其主要原因是快速城市化导致的不透水面增加.绿色屋顶能够有效增加城市透水面面积,进而从源头上控制雨水径流,具有重要的生态环境效益.本文以南京市金陵小学行政楼的绿色屋顶为研究区,收集了17个月(2016-06～2017-10)中的76起降雨与径流数据,探讨了场地尺度上绿色屋顶的综合径流调控能力,辨识了影响其径流调控能力的主要因素,并基于生命周期评价理论与方法对其30年生命周期下的雨洪调控效益进行了定量评价.结果表明:①该绿色屋顶的平均截流率为62. 7%,可有效削减雨水径流量和洪峰流量、延缓径流发生时间和峰现时间.②绿色屋顶对于中小型降雨具有较强的截流能力,但当其滞留能力达到饱和状态或未完全恢复时,即使是小型降雨,其截流能力也会大幅降低.③绿色屋顶径流调控能力的主要影响因素为降雨量、降雨强度和生长基质含水量.④绿色屋顶建设的成本效率为12. 51元·m^(-3),费效比为5/12(0. 41),经济效益较高.本研究结果可为绿色屋顶的规划建设、推广普及政策制定提供重要的科学依据和决策参考.
Increasingly frequent urban waterlogging disasters, which are mainly caused by the increase in impervious surfaces due to rapid urbanization, have attracted public attention. Green roofs are conducive to increasing the urban pervious surface area to control sources of runoff, which has great significance for the ecological environment. This study uses the green roof of the administrative building of Jinling Primary School in Nanjing as the study area. 76 rainfall-runoff events collected over 17 months (2016-06-2017-10) were used to calculate the comprehensive runoff control ability and factors influencing the green roof in the context of the site scale. Based on life cycle assessment theory, the benefits of stormwater regulation over its 30-year life cycle were quantitatively evaluated. The results show that:① The average retention of the green roof was 62.7%, which could have a significant impact on runoff and peak flow, reducing the runoff time and delaying the flood peak.② The green roof has a strong ability to retain runoff during small and medium rainfall;however, this ability becomes low when the retention capacity is saturated or not fully recovered, even in small rainfall-runoff events.③ The main factors affecting the retention ability of the green roof are the total rainfall, rainfall intensity, and water content of the growth substrate soil.④ The green roof has great economic benefits, with a construction cost of about 12.51 yuan·m^-3 and a return on investment of 0.41. The results of this study can provide an important scientific basis and decision-making reference for the planning and construction of green roofs and the promotion of related policies.
作者
李俊生
尹海伟
孔繁花
陈佳宇
邓金玲
LI Jun-sheng;YIN Hai-wei;KONG Fan-hua;CHEN Jia-yu;DENG Jin-ling(International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023,China;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期1803-1810,共8页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31670470
51878328)
关键词
绿色屋顶
雨洪调控
决策树
截流率
成本效益
green roof
stormwater regulation
regression tree
retention
cost-benefit
