摘要
目的探讨腹部定位卡和宣教卡对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)患者皮下注射低分子肝素的效果。方法选择2017年10月至2018年5月在广东省妇幼保健院生殖健康与不孕症科行IVF-ET需皮下注射低分子肝素的162例女性患者为研究对象,利用Excel随机数进行随机等分成对照组和干预组各81例。对照组给予常规护理措施,干预组额外发放腹部定位卡和宣教卡。在注射后第5天比较患者对低分子肝素皮下注射知识的知晓率、患者的基本情况、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,第10天比较两组患者皮下出血发生率、硬结发生率,孕12周时比较临床妊娠率、早期流产率。结果干预组患者的皮下出血发生率为11.1%,明显低于对照组的25.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组患者的硬结发生率为3.7%,与对照组的6.2%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组患者对皮下注射低分子肝素的使用原因、重要性和注意事项的知晓率分别为98.8%、98.8%、92.6%,均明显高于对照组的77.8%、71.6%、49.4%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组患者的SAS和SDS得分分别为(40.26±4.05)分和(43.57±6.12)分,均明显低于对照组的(47.52±5.02)分和(48.52±6.24)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组患者的临床妊娠率为58.0%,略高于对照组的49.4%,流产率为8.6%,略低于对照组的18.5%,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹部定位卡和宣教卡能明显降低皮下出血的发生率,提升患者对低分子肝素皮下注射护理的知晓率,进而有效降低IVF-ET患者的焦虑、抑郁状态,缓解患者的心理压力,从而可能获得更好的临床治疗结局,使患者获益。
Objective To investigate the effect of positioning card and health education card on subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) for the patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET). Methods A total of 162 patients receiving IVF-ET and LMWH in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from October 2017 to May 2018 were randomized into control group(n=81) and intervention group(n=81). Control group was given routine nursing, and the intervention group was given positioning card and health education card as well as routine nursing. On the fifth day after injection, the awareness rate of LMWH knowledge, the basic situation of patients, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) score were compared. On the tenth day, the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage and hardening were compared between the two groups. At the twelfth week of gestation, the clinical pregnancy rate and early abortion rate were compared. Results Subcutaneous hemorrhage rate in intervention group were 11.1%, significantly lower than 25.9% in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups for hardening rate: 3.7% vs 6.2%. The awareness rate of the causes, importance, and precautions of LMWH in the patients of intervention group were 98.8%, 98.8%, and 92.6% respectively, significantly higher than 77.8%, 71.6%, 49.4% of the control group(P<0.05). SAS and SDS scores in intervention group were40.26±4.05 and 43.57±6.12, significantly lower than 47.52±5.02 and 48.52±6.24 in the control group(P<0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate in intervention group was 58.0%, slightly higher than 49.4% in the control group(P>0.05), and the abortion rate in intervention group was 8.6%, slightly lower than 18.5% in the control group(P>0.05). Conclusion Positioning card and health education card can significantly reduce subcutaneous hemorrhage rate and hardening rate, promote the awareness of LMWH knowledge, relieve the psychological pressure of patients, which may help to obtain a better clinical outcome.
作者
廖柳军
周伟平
周娜
卢小娟
LIAO Liu-jun;ZHOU Wei-ping;ZHOU Na;LU Xiao-juan(Department of Reproductive Health and Infertility, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, CHINA)
出处
《海南医学》
CAS
2019年第7期946-949,共4页
Hainan Medical Journal
关键词
腹部定位卡
宣教卡
体外受精-胚胎移植
低分子肝素
皮下出血
硬结
Positioning card
Health education card
In vivo fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)
Low molecular weight heparin
Subcutaneous hemorrhage
Hardening
