摘要
北京在21世纪初开始建设郊野公园,其建设在实现土地集约利用的同时,还对平原地区游憩体系实现补充。选取北京40个典型的郊野公园,运用腾讯出行大数据结合现场调研,使用核密度、地理探测器等方法分析不同公园的使用差异,理清不同因素对郊野公园使用的影响。研究表明:1)郊野公园存在明显的时间差异,所有郊野公园周末的人流量都大于工作日人流量。2)使用空间分布整体上呈现由单核聚集向双核聚集扩散。3)影响郊野公园游人空间分布的3个外部因素中,按影响强弱排序为商业设施>人口密度>交通便利度。4)公园内部因素中,公园游憩设施、服务设施质量及道路总长度对其使用影响显著,但各因素对不同规模的公园影响程度不同。研究将会为郊野公园规划和建设提供重要建议:1)构建郊野公园绿色综合体。2)着力推动部分郊野公园的城市公园化建设提升。3)构建以提升游憩服务为目标的郊野公园分类建设标准。
Beijing started to build country parks in the early 21st century. The construction of country parks has not only realized the intensive use of land, but also supplemented the recreation system in plain areas. In this study, we selected 40 typical country parks in Beijing, applied the Tencent big data of travel and field surveys, as well as the kernel density and geographic detector, to analyze the differences in the use of different parks, and sort out the effects of different factors on the use of country parks. The study shows that: 1) There is a significant time difference in the use of country parks, with all country parks having more visitors on weekends than weekdays. 2) The spatial distribution shows a diffusion from the “single-core agglomeration” to a “dual-core agglomeration”. 3) The three external factors that influence the spatial distribution of country park visitors in this study are lined as follows in the influence strength, business facilities > population density > accessibility. 4) Among the internal factors, the park recreation facilities, service facilities quality and the total road length have a significant impact on the use of the parks, and different factors have different effects on parks of different sizes. The study will provide important advice for the planning and construction of country parks. 1) Build a green complex of country parks. 2) Promote the construction of some country parks into urban parks. 3) Construct a classification standard for country parks to improve recreational services.
作者
李方正
钱蕾西
臧凤岐
李雄
LI Fangzheng;QIAN Leixi;ZANG Fengqi;LI Xiong(Beijing Forestry University;Chinese Academy of Forestry)
出处
《风景园林》
2019年第4期77-82,共6页
Landscape Architecture
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号BLX201808)
北京市自然科学基金"基于生态系统服务权衡-协同的北京市建成区绿色空间优化预测和情景模拟研究"(编号8194071)
国家自然科学基金(编号31670704):"基于森林城市构建的北京市生态绿地格局演变机制及预测预警研究"
教育部人文社科基金项目"基于参与式绘图法和手机信令大数据的历史名园文化服务权衡-协同研究"(编号19YJC760042)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(编号2018M641222)~~
关键词
风景园林
郊野公园
大数据
游憩使用
影响因素
landscape architecture
country park
big data
recreational use
influencing factors
