摘要
住房公积金制度是城镇职工的一项住房保障制度,其建立之初向城镇国有单位职工提供住房金融支持,其后逐渐扩展到非公企业和农民工。住房公积金制度的"单位嵌入型"特点对于农民工存在事实上的排斥性,单位福利状况、单位内部的用工方式、单位户籍歧视等都对农民工是否拥有公积金有影响。根据国家卫计委数据,农民工的住房公积金受到户籍、区域、性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、行业等方面的影响。下一步,住房公积金应该立足农民工的就业特点,从"单位嵌入型"转向"社会嵌入型"保障模式,增强可及性。创新住房公积金运作方式,增强缴纳和使用的灵活性,提高农民工住房消费能力。
The housing provident fund system is a housing security system for urban workers. At the beginning of its establishment, it provided housing financial support to employees of urban state-owned units,and then gradually expanded to non-state-owned enterprises and migrant workers. The article reviews the historical process of the evolution of the housing provident fund system, theoretically analyzes the fact that the "unit embedded" rule of housing provident fund system in effect excludes the migrant workers, and points out that the unit welfare condition, the employment status, and discrimination against household registration, etc.,determine whether migrant workers have a provident fund. Using the data of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the variations in the migrant workers’ housing provident fund along household registration, region, gender, age, education level, occupation, and industry are analyzed. Finally, the article points out that although not without weaknesses in efficiency, fairness, and reasonability and triggering a dispute on its existence or abolishment, the housing provident fund system is still necessary to preserve so as to benefit migrant workers under the background of urbanization and citizenization of migrant workers. The article concludes by proposing that the housing provident fund system should be changed from "unit embedded type" to "social embedded type" to enhance the accessibility based on the employment characteristics of migrant workers, and innovate the way it operate by increasing the flexibility in payment and use and the housing spending capacity of migrant workers.
作者
赵卫华
冯建斌
张林江
ZHAO Weihua;FENG Jianbin;ZHANG Linjiang
出处
《中共中央党校（国家行政学院）学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期128-135,共8页
Journal of The Party School of The Central Committee of The C.P.C（Chinese Academy of Governance）
关键词
农民工
住房公积金制度
单位嵌入型
排斥性
Migrant Worker
Housing Provident Fund system
Unit embedded
Exclusion
