摘要
目的采用两种遗传毒性试验检测不同城市的水源水、出厂水和末稍水的遗传毒性,并评价不同的遗传毒性检测方法用于饮水安全监测中的适用性。方法于2016年4月,采集拥有完整的自来水处理系统的甲、乙市水厂的水源水、出厂水及末梢水水样,以去离子水作为阴性对照。甲市水厂采用氯胺消毒;乙市水厂采用二氧化氯消毒。分别采用蚕豆根尖微核实验和单细胞凝胶电泳试验[分别设立4、20、100μl/ml(分别相当于0.08、0.4、2 L原水)以及空白对照(基础培养液)、阴性对照(4、20、100μl/ml的DMSO)和阳性对照(50μg/ml重铬酸钾)]对水样进行染色体及DNA损伤评价。结果对于甲市,与阴性对照组比较,仅出厂水的蚕豆根尖细胞微核率增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),根据污染指数判断属于轻度污染;末梢水的污染指数为1.5,属于轻度污染,但处于轻度污染的临界点;出厂水的尾部DNA含量高于相同剂量阴性对照组及水源水、末梢水,仅100μl/ml组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且各水样100μl/ml组的尾部DNA含量均高于4、20μl/ml组。对于乙市,乙市某水厂水源水、出厂水、末梢水均可导致蚕豆根尖细胞微核率增加,但与阴性对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);根据污染指数判断,均属于轻度污染;各水样致突变性强度依次为出厂水>末梢水>水源水;100μl/ml组乙市水源水、出厂水、末稍水的尾部DNA含量均高于相同剂量的阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且各水样100μl/ml组的尾部DNA含量均高于4、20μl/ml组。结论对于相同水样,蚕豆根尖微核实验结果与单细胞凝胶电泳结果一致。此两种实验适于协同应用于饮水安全性监测评价工作。
Objective To evaluate the test methods for detecting the potential genotoxicity of water samples of source water,finished water and tap water collected from different cities and determine the applicability of genotoxicity methods in drinking water safety monitoring. Methods The samples of source water, finished water and tap water were collected from waterworks in the city A and B. The group of deionized water was set as the negative control. Chloramines disinfection was used in waterworks in city A, chlorine dioxide disinfection was used in city B. The Vicia faba root tip micronucleus test and single cell gel electrophoresis assay [4, 20 and 100 μl/ml(equivalent to 0.08, 0.4, and 2 L of raw water), the blank control(basic medium only), negative control(DMSO: 4, 20 and 100 μl/ml) and the positive control(potassium dichromate: 50 μg/ml) ] were used to detect the potential genotoxicity at DNA and chromosome level. Results As for city A, only finished water showed significantly increased micronucleus rate compared with the negative control(P<0.05) and presented slight pollution based on pollution index(PI); The PI of tap water was 1.5, which was critical point of mild pollution; The tail DNA of each group of finished water was higher than those in tap water and source water, while only 100 μl/ml group showed statistically significant difference(P<0.05);The tail DNA of 100 μl/ml group of finished water, tap water and source water were higher compared with those of 4 and 20μl/ml group. As for city B, the mutagenic activity ranked as follows, finished water, tap water, source water, all of which showed slight pollution based on PI,higher micronucleus rates showing no significant difference compared with control(P >0.05),and higher tail DNA of 100 μl/ml group compared with control(P<0.05) and 4,20 μl/ml groups. Conclusion For the same water samples, the results of micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tips are consistent with the results of single cell gel electrophoresis assay. The two test methods can be used in combination to evaluate drinking water safety.
作者
张丽霞
张明
治洪
张宏伟
ZHANG Li-xia;ZHANG Ming;ZHI Hong;ZHANG Hong-wei(National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China)
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第8期707-710,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
国家科技部国家科技重大专项(2015ZX07402002)
关键词
饮水安全
蚕豆根尖实验
单细胞凝胶电泳
Drinking water safety
Vicia faba root tip micronucleus test
Single cell gel electrophoresis assay
