摘要
目前国内外水体污染防治针对病原菌的去除技术研究甚少,基于研究区域内已有的人工湿地和生态沟渠基本配置形式,通过室内常温盆栽试验筛选可高效去除病原菌(总大肠菌群和埃希氏大肠杆菌)的水生植物,并在自然生态沟渠(200 m)进行实地筛选。结果表明:水生植物能通过根系分泌物(降低水体pH)抑制大肠杆菌生存繁殖,并增加湿地拦截吸附能力;大部分水生植物组能有效吸附并去除埃希氏大肠杆菌,其中以水芹去除效果最佳;除香菇草、野茭白外,其他水生植物均能有效去除总大肠菌群;自然生态沟渠中再力花、美人蕉、岩菖蒲对总大肠菌群去除效率较高。总体而言,岩菖蒲、狐尾藻、再力花、水葫芦、美人蕉、水芹对大肠杆菌的去除率较高,可作为适宜的生态沟渠水生植物用于生态防治实践中。
At present,there is little research on the removal technology of pathogenic bacteria in water pollution prevention and control at home and abroad.In this study,following the existing configuration of the artificial wetlands and ecological ditches in the study area,the local aquatic plants were screened to determine the plants having high removal efficiency of fecal indicator bacteria(FIB,including total coliforms and Escherichia coli) by indoor pot experiment at normal temperature,then the screened plants were verified in the local natural 200 m-ecological ditches.The pot experiment results showed that: aquatic plants could significantly regulate the surrounding water environment(releasing root exudates and lowering pH),thereby affecting the survival and reproduction of FIB and increasing the wetland ability of interception and adsorption.Most of the aquatic plants could remove Escherichia coli effectively,and cress performs the best removal efficiency.Total coliforms removal rate of letinousedodes grass,wild Zizaniaare was far below than other plants after 15 cycles.The ditch experiment showed that the removal efficiency of E.coli by Canna and Acoruscalamus were higher than other plants.Overall,Tofieldia,Myriophyllum,water hyacinth,Canna,cress have higher removal rates of total coliforms and Escherichia coli and are the appropriate aquatic plants for removing microbial pollution in the ecological ditches.
作者
翟龙波
陈靖
章熙锋
唐家良
高美荣
杨红薇
李舒涵
ZHAI Longbo;CHEN Jing;ZHANG Xifeng;TANG Jialiang;GAO Meirong;YANG Hongwei;LI Shuhan(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,Chengdu 61004,China;School of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing100049,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2019年第4期42-47,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41371241)
中国科学院西部青年学者A类项目"紫色土丘陵区农业小流域水体病原菌污染特征及其去除技术"
中国科学院关键技术人才项目"长江上游典型支流流域水质与水量数据整理与集成"
关键词
水生植物
盆栽实验
生态沟渠
大肠杆菌
去除率
aquatic plants
pot experiment
ecological ditch
Escherichia coli
removal rate
