摘要
明清之际由于严重的社会危机,程朱理学和陆王心学的空虚引起了有识之士的关切和反思,并且形成了具有强烈现实关照和批判精神的实学思想。这一时期的实学思想主要有四个特征,一是以"经世致用"为核心精神,强调学术活动对现实生活的关注;二是以回归儒学经典为主要内容的复古主义,并冲破了理学、心学的桎梏,实现"以复古为解放";三是以对西方科学技术知识的主动学习为主要表现的开放性特征,积极以西学丰富实学,解决现实问题;四是有强烈的批判精神和否定精神,否定君主专制和思想权威,倡导个人价值。明清之际实学的批判精神与自我否定,在一定程度上起到了思想启蒙的作用。
During the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, due to the serious social crisis, the emptiness of Cheng-Zhu's Neo- Confucianism and Lu-Wang's Philosophy of Mind aroused the concerns and reflections of insightful people, and formed the practical thought with strong realistic care and critical spirit. There were four main characteristics of the practical thought in this period. Firstly, with the core spirit of "serving the society", it emphasized the attention paid by academic activities to real life. Secondly, the retro- Confucianism, with the return of Confucian classics as its main content, had broken through the shackles of Neo-Confucianism and the Philosophy of Mind, and realized "the liberation of retro-Confucianism". Thirdly, it was featured by the openness of active learning of western scientific and technological knowledge, and actively enriched practical learning with western schools to solve practical problems. Fourthly, it had a strong spirit of criticism and negation, which denied monarchy and ideological authority, and advocated personal values. The critical spirit and self-denial of the practical thought in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties played an enlightening role to a certain extent.
作者
戴红宇
Dai Hongyu(College of Art and Design,Sanming University,Sanming,Fujian 365004,China)
出处
《大理大学学报》
CAS
2019年第5期53-57,共5页
Journal of Dali University
基金
福建省社会科学规划项目"课程视野下晚清理学对福建学校教育的影响及实践研究"(FJ2018X005)
福建省中青年教师教育科研项目"明清实学的教育内涵研究"(JAS170470)
三明学院科学研究发展基金项目"明清实学的教育内涵研究"(A201718)
关键词
明清之际
实学
经世致用
late Ming and early Qing Dynasties
practical thought
social application
