摘要
目的探讨综合护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)高危人群患GDM的预防作用。方法采用随机对照研究方法,将GDM高危人群随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组在对照组干预措施基础上,实施综合护理干预,干预措施包括建立微信公众号进行GDM健康宣教和答疑、体重的监测与指导、定期随访、营养科医生指导等。对照组接受常规产检护理。所有研究对象发放孕期保健手册,参加至少1次“孕期营养与体重管理”课程,并发放“生活习惯及膳食调查表”,填写后回收。随访研究对象直至分娩。记录并比较两组糖耐量筛查试验血糖值、孕前BMI、孕期增重、GDM发病率及妊娠结局。结果实验组GDM发病率为19.9%,对照组GDM发病率为33.6%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组孕期增重低于对照组,巨大儿发生率低于对照组,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组剖宫产率和早产比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论综合护理干预可以有效控制GDM高危人群发展为GDM,减少孕期体重增长,降低巨大儿发生率。
To explore the preventive effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus in high-risk pregnant women.Methods It was a randomized controlled trial. High-risk pregnant women were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. In addition to nursing care in the control group,the experimental group received comprehensive nursing intervention,including:the establishment of WeChat public account for health education and answering questions,monitoring and guidance of weight,regular follow-up,guidance from a nutritionist. The control group received routine obstetric care. All subjects received pregnancy care manual,participated the course of “nutrition and weight management during pregnancy” at least once,and received a questionnaire about lifestyle and diet. The subjects were followed up until delivery. The blood glucose of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(75 g OGTT),BMI before pregnancy,weight at delivery,occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus,and pregnancy outcomes were recorded.Results The incidence of gestational diabetes in the experimental group was 19.9%,it was 33.6% for the control group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05). The weight gain of the experimental group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of macrosomia in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of cesarean section and premature delivery between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention in early pregnancy can effectively reduce the incidence of GDM in high risk population,reduce weight gain during pregnancy,and reduce the incidence of macrosomia.
作者
勾宝华
关惠敏
高立研
丁冰杰
毕研霞
Baohua GOU;Huimin GUAN;Liyan GAO;Bingjie DING;Yanxia BI
出处
《中华护理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期511-515,共5页
Chinese Journal of Nursing
基金
首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院护理专项(yyqdkt2017-54)
关键词
糖尿病
妊娠
综合护理
高危人群
产科护理
干预性研究
Diabetes
Gestational
Comprehensive Nursing Care
High Risk Population
Obstetrical Nursing
Intervention Studies
