摘要
通过测定川西北高山/亚高山区6种典型土壤类型(亚高山草甸土、高原草甸土、暗棕壤、棕壤、黄棕壤、褐土)不同土层深度有机碳含量、容重、孔隙度、持水蓄水及渗透性能,揭示6种土壤类型孔隙度及水文效应差异及在垂直空间的变化规律,建立6种土壤类型渗透速率与时间关系的渗透模型.结果显示:(1)0-100 cm土层6种土壤类型有机碳含量均值表现为高原草甸土>亚高山草甸土>褐土>棕壤>黄棕壤>暗棕壤;不同土壤类型有机碳含量在相同土层差异显著(P <0.05),同一土壤类型随土层加深而减小;容重在0.87-1.79 g/cm^3之间,随土层加深容重增加;总孔隙度为37.6%-55.81%.(2)0-100 cm土层自然贮水量、最大持水量、非毛管持水量平均值亚高山草甸土最高;田间持水量、涵蓄降水量黄棕壤最高;随土层加深,最大持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管水量、田间持水量、涵蓄降水量增加.(3)6种土壤类型均表现为初渗速率大于稳渗速率,土壤类型间差异显著,渗透速率与时间呈幂函数关系,接近于考斯加柯夫公式.上述研究表明土壤类型的差异对孔隙特征和水文效应的作用显著,主要集中在土壤最大持水量、非毛管持水量及渗透速率方面;结果可为川西北地区不同土壤类型背景下生态环境恢复重建、生态系统水源涵养功能评价提供理论依据.(图2表5参26)
This study evaluates the differences in porosity, hydrological effect characteristics, and the changes in different layer of six soil types (cinnamon soil, yellow-brown soil, brown soil, dark brown soil, plateau meadow soil, subalpine meadow soil) in northwestern Sichuan alpine and subalpine mountains. The research was conducted by measuring the soil organic carbon content, bulk density, porosity, water storage and water permeability in different soil types and at different depths, and by creating a model for soil infiltration rate and time. The results showed that (1) the average organic carbon content of the six soil types in the 0-100 cm depth soil layer was ranked as follows: plateau meadow soil > subalpine meadow soil > cinnamon soil > brown soil > yellow-brown soil > dark brown soil. In the same soil layer, the organic carbon content of the six soil types differed significantly and decreased with depth. The bulk density of the six soil types ranged from 0.87-1.79 g/cm^3 and increased with depth. The total porosity of the different soil types ranged from 37.6%-55.81%.(2) The natural water storage, maximum water holding capacity and non-capillary water holding capacity in the 0-100 cm soil layer were highest in the subalpine meadow soil. The field water capacity and available soil water storage were highest in the yellow-brown soil. The maximum moisture capacity, capillary water holding capacity, non-capillary water holding capacity, field water capacity, and available soil water storage increased with depth.(3) According to the water infiltration model used in this study, the six soil types had an initial infiltration rate that was higher than the stable infiltration rate. The relationship between the infiltration rate and time could be described by the power function, which was close to the Kostiakov’s equation. The differences in soil type significantly influenced the porosity and hydrological effects, especially on maximum moisture capacity, non-capillary water holding capacity and infiltration rate. These results could provide a theoretical basis for the restoration and reconstruction of ecological environments and the evaluation of water conservation functions of ecological systems in different soil types in Northwest Sichuan.
作者
程欢
程一伦
宫渊波
熊仕臣
张亚贝
刘江山
刘良松
吴强
孙超
CHENG Huan;CHENG Yilun;GONG Yuanbo;XIONG Shichen;ZHANG Yabei;LIU Jiangshan;LIU Liangsong;WU Qiang;SUN Chao(College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;Luzhou Water Conservancy Bureau, Luzhou 646000, China;Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期225-231,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05)
四川省高校水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室建设项目
四川农业大学科研兴趣培养计划项目(2018144
2018143)资助~~
关键词
土壤类型
水文效应
孔隙度
持水量
渗透率
川西北高山/亚高山
soil type
hydrological effect
porosity
moisture capacity
permeability
northwestern Sichuan alpine and subalpine mountains
