摘要
分别从河南省濮阳、南阳、信阳、三门峡和商丘等地区采集潮土、黄棕壤、水稻土、褐土、盐碱土等土壤样品45份,采用8种不同的分离培养基对土壤放线菌进行分离和培养;通过16S rRNA基因序列分析对可培养放线菌进行分类鉴定;以7种植物病原菌为靶标,通过对峙培养筛选拮抗活性菌株,并对具有拮抗活性菌株的次级代谢产物合成相关基因进行初步筛查.结果表明,从5种类型土壤中分离得到放线菌分离物955株,分布于放线菌门的10个目12个科17个属,包含626个物种,其中9个分离物为潜在的新种;分离物中链霉菌属菌株751株,占分离菌株的78.64%,为最主要的优势菌属,稀有放线菌204株,占21.36%;不同类型土壤放线菌的分离频率存在一定的差异,其中褐土分离的放线菌数量最多,水稻土的分离数量最少,但是各类型土壤分离的可培养放线菌在属水平上差异不大;筛选获得对植物病原菌有拮抗活性的菌株392株,占总分离物的41%,其中链霉菌332株,占总拮抗活性菌株的84.7%,稀有放线菌60株,占总拮抗活性菌株的15.3%,且多数活性菌株含有多种生物活性物质合成相关的功能基因.由此可见,河南省土壤放线菌多样性丰富,并蕴藏丰富的稀有放线菌和拮抗活性放线菌资源,具有发掘放线菌新物种和新活性化合物的潜力.(图4表6参33附表1)
To investigate the diversity of culturable actinomycetes in different soil types in the Henan Province of China, and screen active actinomycete strains for potential biocontrol on plant diseases, 45 soil samples were analyzed. The samples included fluvo-aquic soil, yellow-brown soil, paddy soil, cinnamon soil, and saline-alkali soil and were collected from the districts of Puyang, Nanyang, Xinyang, Sanmenxia, and Shangqiu, respectively. Culturable actinomycete strains were isolated by eight different separation mediums. The isolated strains were classified and identified based on the systematic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Antagonistic activity strains were screened by dual culture using seven types of plant pathogenic fungi as targets, and a preliminary screening of genes related to the secondary metabolite synthesis of antagonistic strains was conducted. Nine hundred and fifty-five strains of actinomycete isolates were isolated from 45 soil samples from five soil types and belonged to 10 orders, 12 families, and 17 genera. The strains included 626 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which contained nine putative species. Among the isolates, 751 strains, representing 78.64% of the total strains isolated, belonged to the genus Streptomyces sp. and 204 rare actinomycetes represented the remaining 21.36%. There are some differences in screening frequency of actinomycetes among the different soil types;cinnamon soil contained the highest amount of actinomycetes isolates, and paddy soil contained the lowest amount. However, the number of culturable actinomycetes strains isolated from different soil types was not significantly different at the genus level. Three hundred and ninety-two strains with antagonistic activity against plant pathogens were obtained, accounting for 41% of the total isolates. Of these strains, 332 were Streptomyces sp., accounting for 84.7% of the total antagonistic strains, and the remaining 60 strains were rare actinomycetes, accounting for 15.3%. The majority of active strains contained multiple functional genes involved in the synthesis of biologically active substances. Different types of soil in the Henan Province contain a high diversity of actinomycetes, and the various soils are rich in rare actinomycetes and antagonistic actinomycetes resources, which are proved to have a great potential to discover novel actinomycetes species and new active compounds.
作者
刘闯
赵莹
习慧君
郭康迪
洪坤奇
文才艺
LIU Chuang;ZHAO Ying;XI Huijun;GUO Kangdi;HONG Kunqi;WEN Caiyi(College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期365-377,共13页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
河南省自然科学基金项目(162300410136)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503110)资助~~
关键词
土壤放线菌
多样性
分离培养
拮抗活性
soil actinomycetes
diversity
isolate and culture
antagonistic activity
