摘要
20世纪,尤其在新中国成立后,史学界对中国近代史上的农民战争一太平天国运动的研究成果颇丰,掀起了太平天国农民起义研究的热潮。然而,面对数量庞大的史学研究,人们在了解和接纳史学成果的过程中会遇到一些难以评判和取舍的问题,更为困难的是如何认识农民起义、评价农民领袖以及把握革命史的基调。这些问题的解决都是要建立在公正看待农民战争地位的立场上,应当坚持国家主流意识形态的观点。本文按以下条目简谈与之相关的史学研究动态,包括:太平天国运动的性质;拜上帝教与洪秀全的评价;《天朝田亩制度》的分析;太平天国运动的失败原因;太平天国运动的功过问题。从了解这些史学研究动态的过程中应该掌握历史唯物主义的内涵,树立现代化与革命化相统一的史观,接受可信度高的史实。以实事求是的科学态度肯定近代史中农民起义所表现的价值,稳妥地接纳成熟的研究成果.理性地面对历史研究的诸多著作。
In the 20th century, especially after the founding of the People' s Republic of China, an upsurge in the study of the peasant uprising of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom had been set off, with fruitful achievements on it. However, in the face of the massive historical studies, we will certainly encounter some difficulty in making judgment or choice in understanding and accepting the achievements of historiography, especially in such issues as how to understand the peasant uprising, how to evaluate the peasant leaders, and how to grasp the keynote of the revolutionary history. The keys to these problems should be a fair view of the status of peasant war as well as the mainstream ideology of the country. According to the following items, this paper briefly talks about the relevant historical research trends, including: the nature of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement;the evaluation of God-worship and Hong Xiuquan;the analysis of Tianchao Tianmu System;the reasons for the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement;and the merits and demerits of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. We should grasp the connotation of historical materialism, establish a unified view of history of modernization and revolutionization, and accept historical facts with high credibility in the process of understanding the dynamics of these historical studies. Besides, we should affirm the value of peasant uprising in modern history with a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, accept mature research results and face many works of historical research rationally.
作者
张林君
ZHANG Lin-jun(School of Social Development,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225100,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《学术探索》
2019年第5期112-124,共13页
Academic Exploration
关键词
农民起义
太平天国运动
史学成果
史学研究动态
史观
peasant uprising
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement
history achievements
history research dynamics
historical view
