摘要
生态足迹分析方法是生态经济学中测度人类社会资源消耗的经典方法之一,基于能值的生态足迹模型是该领域研究的最新发展和改进。本研究采用区域标准计算生态承载力和生态足迹,能够更好地体现区域的真实供给能力和人类对资源的实际消耗,其方法和数据优于普遍采用的全球标准。研究基于能值生态足迹模型,定量地分析了2005–2014年青海省的可持续发展状态;结合万元GDP生态足迹、生态足迹多样性指数以及发展能力指数,分析了青海省的总体经济发展状况;同时利用GIS空间分析技术,分析研究区可持续发展状态的空间分布差异。结果表明:1)2005–2014年青海省区域生态足迹超出了生态承载力,生态足迹指数小于0且不断下降。2)青海省不可持续发展的区域在不断扩大,主要集中在东部的市区及其周边的县域,2011年之后呈现由北向东的带状分布。3)结合能值生态足迹和多因子耦合分析表明,虽然青海省的资源利用效率有所提高,发展能力也有较大的提升,但主要是以大量的资源消耗为代价,水土流失、生态功能恶化、地区承载力下降、自我调节能力降低等生态环境恶化问题依然严峻。该研究结果可为相关青藏高原地区的可持续发展提供有益的参考。
The ecological footprint analysis method is one of the classical methods for measuring the consumption of human social resources in ecological economics.The emergy-based ecological footprint model is the latest development and improvement in this field.In this study,we used regional standards to calculate the ecological carrying capacity and ecological footprint,which can better reflect the real supply capacity of the region and the actual consumption of resources by humans.The methods and data are better than the universally adopted global standards.We quantitatively analyzed the state of sustainable development in Qinghai Province from 2005 to 2014 based on the emergy ecological footprint model,and combined with the ecological footprint of ten thousand yuan GDP,ecological footprint diversity index and development capability index to comprehensively analyze economic development situation of Qinghai Province,and the GIS spatial analysis technology was used to analyze the spatial differences and their changes in the sustainable development of the study area.The results showed 1)The ecological footprint of Qinghai Province exceeded the ecological carrying capacity from 2005 to 2014,the ecological footprint index was less than 0 and declining,and Qinghai Province was in an unsustainable state of development.2)The areas of unsustainable development in the study area were continuously expanding from 2005 to 2014,which were mainly concentrated in the eastern urban area and their surrounding counties.After 2011,there was a strip distribution from north to east.3)Ecological energy footprint and multi-factor coupling analysis showed that although the resource utilization efficiency and development capability in Qinghai Province had been greatly improved,it is mainly at the expense of a large amount of resource consumption.The deterioration of ecological environment such as soil erosion,deterioration of ecological functions,decline of regional carrying capacity,and reduction of self-regulation ability was still serious.The results of this study can provide a useful reference for the sustainable development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
作者
苏文亮
李文龙
朱亚莉
蔡栋
余翠
许静
魏巍
SU Wenliang;LI Wenlong;ZHU Yali;CAI Dong;YU Cui;XU Jing;WEI Wei(Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming Systems/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;School of Agriculture and Forestry Economic and Management,Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第5期1445-1456,共12页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(41471450)
国家社会科学基金(14CJY010)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(lzujbky-2016-br05)
中央高校自由探索优秀研究生创新项目(lzujbky-2016-zr0185)
关键词
能值生态足迹
可持续发展
青海省
GIS空间分析技术
emergy ecological footprint
sustainable development
Qinghai Province
GIS spatial analysis technology
