摘要
为明确异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis对雪松长足大蚜Cinara cedri的捕食能力,采用捕食功能反应方法在室内测定了异色瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫对雪松长足大蚜4龄若蚜的捕食功能反应、寻找效应、种内干扰效应及环境温度对其捕食能力的影响。结果显示:异色瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫对雪松长足大蚜若蚜的捕食功能反应类型均属于Holling II型,成虫对雪松长足大蚜的捕食能力强于幼虫,幼虫的捕食能力随虫龄的增大而增强,1～4龄幼虫及成虫的日最大捕食量分别是11.41、41.32、61.73、140.85、188.68头;异色瓢虫1～4龄幼虫及成虫对雪松长足大蚜4龄若蚜的寻找效应随猎物密度的增加而下降,二者之间呈线性相关,相关系数为0.9758～0.9993,其中2龄幼虫的搜寻效应随猎物密度的增加,下降趋势最大,成虫则下降趋势最小;异色瓢虫成虫的捕食受到较强的种内干扰,在猎物密度和捕食空间一定的情况下,单头日平均捕食量随其自身密度的增加而降低,二者间关系符合模型A=58.8391x^(-0.3313);异色瓢虫的捕食受环境温度影响明显,在15～35℃范围内,其成虫对雪松长足大蚜的捕食量先增加后减少,25℃是异色瓢虫最适宜的捕食温度。表明异色瓢虫对雪松长足大蚜有很强的捕食能力,尤其是成虫和高龄幼虫,但应用时还需考虑温度因素的影响。
To identify the predation capability of Harmonia axyridis to Cinara cedri, the functional responses of H. axyridis at different developmental stages to the 4 th-instar nymph of C. cedri, the searching effects, intraspecific interferences and the effects of environmental temperature on predation capability were explored in the laboratory using the predatory functional methods. The results showed that the predatory functional response of H. axyridis at different developmental stages were fitted to Holling II equation. The predation capability of H. axyridis adults on C. cedri was stronger than that of larvae. The predation capability of larvae increased with the age of larvae. The daily maximum predation amount of the 1 st-to 4 th-instar larvae and adults on C. cedri were 11.41, 41.32, 61.73, 140.85 and 188.68, respectively. The searching effects of 1 st-to 4 th-instar larvae and adults of H. axyridis on the 4 th instar nymph of C. cedri decreased with the increase of the prey density. The relationship between the searching effect and the prey density was linear(r=0.9758-0.9993). The downward trend of the searching effect of the 2 nd-instar larvae with the increase of the prey density was the greatest but that of the adults was the least. The predation of adults was strongly affected by intraspecific interference. Under the same conditions, where the prey density and prey space were constant, the average daily predation amount per ladybird beetle decreased with the increase of its density, and the relationship was in line with the model A=58.8391 x-0.3313. The predation of the ladybird beetle was significantly affected by the temperature. At the temperature range from 15℃ to 35℃, the predation amount of the adults on C. cedri increased firstly and then decreased. The optimum temperature for predation was 25℃. It was indicated that H. axyridis,especially its adults and older larvae, had strong predation capability on C. cedri, while the temperature effect should be considered for the application.
作者
王倩倩
张卫光
田恬
王晓艺
周成刚
尹淑艳
Wang Qianqian;Zhang Weiguang;Tian Tian;Wang Xiaoyi;Zhou Chenggang;Yin Shuyan(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,Shandong Province,China;Engineering Research Center of Forest Pest Management of Shandong Province,Tai'an 271018,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期458-464,共7页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
泰安市科技发展计划(201640576)
关键词
异色瓢虫
雪松长足大蚜
捕食功能
Harmonia axyridis
Cinara cedri
predatory function
