摘要
为解决通过丢弃钻头或钻穿钻头方法进行贯通或后续施钻的套管钻井工艺存在的问题,设计一种可提式扩孔钻头,配以小直径全断面钻头形成两级切削机构,穿越破碎带后从套管内提出切削机构,使后续深孔钻进作业得以继续。阐述了组成可提式扩孔钻头的3个机构:安装定位机构、切削翼及切削翼展开锁定机构,说明各机构的工作机理;详细介绍可提钻进工艺整个作业流程:可提式扩孔钻头的固定安装、切削翼展开、套管孔段扩孔钻进、下放提钻钻杆、切削翼收拢以及从套管中提取出两级切削机构,介绍了可提式扩孔钻头收拢和展开状态的切换过程;并给出影响可提式扩孔钻头的稳定性、可靠性的关键部件弹簧的设计计算。所设计钻头在煤矿井下进行试用,现场结果表明:切削时,展开的切削翼被牢牢锁定,提取时,切削翼收拢顺畅,且切削能力强、可靠性高,验证了可提式扩孔钻头结构设计及可提钻进工艺的可行性。可提式钻头还可用于井下封孔钻进工艺,具有良好的经济效益。
In order to solve the problems of the casing drilling process through discarding drill bit or drilling the drill bit for through or subsequent drilling, a extractable reaming bit is designed, which is combined with small diameter full section bit to form a two-stage cutting mechanism,and the two-stage cutting mechanism is pulled out of the casing after drilling through fractured zone so that the subsequent deep hole drilling operation can continue. This paper elaborates on positioning mounting mechanism,the cutting wing and locking mechanism for cutting wing expansion,and explains the working mechanism of each mechanical structure;The paper introduces in detail the whole operation flow of the fixed installation of the extractable reaming bit,the expansion of cutting wing, reaming drilling of casing hole section, rotating into the drill pipe that extracts the bit, closing of cutting wing and extraction of two-stage cutting mechanism from the casing to casing drilling process for pulling out the bit,and describes the switching process of extractable reaming bit in the closed and expanded state;and the design and calculat of the key component spring which affects the stability and reliability of extractable reaming bit is given. The designed extractable reaming bit was tested in the coal mine,and the results of the field trial showed that the expanded cutting wing is locked firmly during cutting,and the cutting wing is closed smoothly when extracting,and the cutting ability was strong,and the cutting reliability was high,and the feasibility of the structure design and the casing drilling process of extractable reaming bit is verified.The extractable reaming bit can also be used in the underground sealing drilling process,which has good economic benefits.
作者
潘小叶
PAN Xiaoye(Chongqing Research Institute, China Coal Technology Engineering Group,Chongqing 400039, China;National Key Laboratory of Gas Disaster Monitoring and Emergency Response Technology,Chongqing 400039,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期53-58,共6页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05045001-007)
关键词
套管
可提式
扩孔钻头
钻进工艺
结构设计
casing
extractable
reaming bit
drilling process
structuredesign
