摘要
产量比系数是农用地分等中的基础参数,由于不同地区产量比系数确定的基础不同,分等结果无法达到全国可比。为提高农用地分等结果的全国可比性,该文依据供给人体所需能量和营养的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素等营养素在不同作物间可比这一特点,选取20种营养素指标和9种标准耕作制度规定作物,构建营养当量修正法,通过计算不同作物“营养当量”来修正产量比系数,并选取北方以小麦为基准作物的河北省曲周县土地整治项目区和南方以水稻为基准作物的江苏省宜兴市丁蜀镇作为案例进行实证,对比通过营养当量修正法和最高产量比法计算产量比系数所得出的农用地自然等的差异。研究结果显示,曲周县土地整治项目区自然等指数区间由2 060~2 896上升为2 516~3 580,等别序列由11~15等上升为13~18等;丁蜀镇自然等指数由区间由2 460~2 918 下降为2 013~2 393,等别序列由13~15等下降为11~12等,2个研究区间的农用地自然等别差异扩大。该文可以为相关研究提供参考,为完善农用地质量分等体系提供借鉴。
Farmland classification and gradation is to scientifically quantify the quantity, quality and distribution of farmland through quantitative indicators, and to comprehensively assess and classify the quality of farmland. It is an effective measure to realize the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation and to ensure the dynamic balance of total cultivated land. The core of farmland classification is the nationally comparable index calculating and hierarchical system establishing. Productive ratio coefficient is the important parameter that directly affects the results of farmland classification and national comparability in the process of calculating grading index. The function of productive ratio coefficient is to convert grain into standard grain to achieve national comparability. However, the basis of determining the productive ratio coefficient in different regions is different, and the grading results cannot reach the national comparability. Nutrition equivalent unit, calculated by the mean of nutrient density in food, can reflect the overall condition of the nutrients contained in the food. It is an evaluation index to measure the total content of different nutrients in food according to the types and contents of nutrients in food, and to evaluate the comprehensive nutrients supply ability of food needed by the body. By comparing the nutrition equivalent unit of different foods, we can make a comprehensive evaluation and judgment on the nutritional value of different foods. Considering that though base crops and designated crops are different in different regions, they can be uniformly and comparable at the level of nutrients required by crops to supply energy and nutrients to human body. Based on this, 20 nutrient indices, such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, mineral and vitamin, and nine crops regulated by standard tillage system were selected to construct a nutrient equivalent correction method. Productive ratio coefficient was revised by calculating the "nutrition equivalent unit" of different crops to improve the national comparability of farmland classification results. Taking land consolidation project area in Quzhou county of Hebei Province with wheat as the base crop in northern China and Dingshu town, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, with rice as the base crop in southern China as examples to carry out research, the productive ratio coefficient was calculated by the nutrient equivalent correction method and the max yield ratio method, and in this paper, we compared the differences of farmland nature grade obtained by two methods. The results showed that the natural quality index range of Quzhou County's land consolidation project area increased from 2 060-2 896 to 2 516-3 580, and the nature grade increased from 11-15 to 13-18. The natural quality index range of Dingshu town decreased from 2 460-2 918 to 2 033-2 393, and the nature grade decreased from 13-15 to 11-12. The natural grade difference of farmland between two research areas expanded. By revising the existing productive ratio coefficient and establishing a more standardized grading system, this paper provides a scientific basis for ascertaining the quality of resources and for the balance of cultivated land in different places. It is an important way and means for deepening both the quantity of farmland resources and the quality of the management.
作者
李俊颖
吴克宁
宋文
Li Junying;Wu Kening;Song Wen(School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Land and Resources,Beijing 100035,China;College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期238-245,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD06B01)
关键词
作物
营养
农用地分等
产量比系数
农用地自然等别
农用地自然等指数
营养当量
crops
nutrients
farmland classification
productive ratio coefficient
farmland nature grade
farmland natural quality index
nutrition equivalent unit
