摘要
“战略性关键矿产”尚无统一的定义,本文解释为“在节能环保、新一代信息技术、生物、高端装备制造、新能源、新材料、新能源汽车等战略性新兴产业领域中必需的或者能够发挥关键性作用的矿产,包括稀土、稀有金属和稀散金属以及铂族元素、稀有气体和小部分有色金属及非金属。用量一般不大(全球年需求量一般不超过20万t),但具有资源本身的稀缺性、空间分布的局域性和原材料领域的不可替代性。对于一个国家的产业转型、科技创新、经济提升、国家安全、人类健康乃至于在社会发展的方方面面都能够发挥四两拨千斤的作用”。包括新能源领域中所必需的锂以及将来可能取代锂的铷,医学领域中的镓,军事与民用领域都不可或缺的铀、锂、铍等。石油、煤、铁、铜等大宗矿产也具有战略性意义,但一般作为基础性矿产资源而不纳入战略性关键矿产。
There is no uniform definition of "strategic key minerals", which is explained in this paper as "in energy conservation and environmental protection, new generation of information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials, and new energy vehicles,Minerals are essential or can play a key role in these strategic emerging industries, these minerals include rare earths, rare and scattered metals, as well as platinum group elements, rare gases and a small number of non-ferrous and non-metallic metals. Consumption is generally small (global annual demand is generally no more than two hundred thousand tons), but this kind of resource has the scarcity of resources themselves, the localization of spatial distribution and the irreplaceable nature of raw materials, they can accomplish a great task with little effort by clever maneuvers for a country's industrial transformation, scientific and technological innovation, Economic promotion, national security, human health and even in all aspects of social development. Such as the necessary lithium in the new energy field and rubidium, which may replace lithium in the future;gallium in medicine;uranium, lithium, beryllium, which are indispensable for both military and civilian fields. Oil, coal, iron, copper and other major minerals also have strategic significance, but generally as a basic mineral resources and do not include strategic key minerals.
作者
王登红
Wang Denghong(Institute of Mineral Resource,Chinese Academy Of Geological Sciences,MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Beijing,100037, China)
出处
《化工矿产地质》
CAS
2019年第2期65-72,共8页
Geology of Chemical Minerals
基金
国家重点研发计划“深地资源勘查开发”专项(编号:2017YFC0602700,2017YFC0602701)
中国地质调查局“战略性新兴产业矿产调查”工程
关键词
战略性关键矿产
三稀矿产
关键矿产
危机矿产
战略性新兴产业矿产
Strategic key minerals
Three-rare minerals
Key minerals
Crisis mineral resources
Strategic emerging industry mineral resources
