摘要
外感发热的中医外治法发展可分萌芽、发展、创新、成熟四个阶段。先秦时代的《五十二病方》详细载有敷贴、熏蒸、熨、药浴、涂敷、烟熏等多种方法,开创了中医外治法的先河;《黄帝内经》时期,中医外治已逐渐趋于多样化,且具有一定的理论体系,尤其是针刺治疗方面。汉唐时期,外治法得到了很大发展,用于外治的药物种类趋于多样,方法方式也开始灵活丰富,为后世中医外治的专科化创造了有利条件。宋金元时期,出现了膏摩、穴位贴敷、蒸熨等疗法,并进入中医外治法的理论研究阶段。明清时期,外治专著《急救广生集》《理瀹骈文》等应运而生,提出取嚏、摸背、膏摩、脐疗、灯火灸、刮痧、刺血、拔罐等外治疗法。
The development of external treatment of exogenous fever in TCM can be divided into four stages:germination,development,innovation and maturity.52 Bing Fang of the Pre-Qin Dynasty contains many methods,such as plastering,fumigation,ironing,medicine bath,coating,smoking and so on,which pioneered the external treatment of Chinese medicine.During the period of Huangdi Neijing,the external treatment of Chinese medicine gradually became diversified,and had a certain theoretical system,especially in the field of acupuncture treatment.During the Han and Tang Dynasties,the external treatment was greatly developed.The kinds of drugs used for external treatment tended to be diversified,and the methods began to be flexible and abundant,which created favorable conditions for the specialization of external treatment of Chinese medicine in later generations.In the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,there appeared ointment rubbing,acupoint application,steaming and ironing therapy,and entered the theoretical research stage of external treatment of Chinese medicine.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the external treatment monograph Jijiu Guangshengji and Li Yue Pianwen came into being,and proposed external treatment methods such as sneezing,touching back,ointment rubbing,umbilical compress,lamp fire moxibustion,scraping,pricking blood,cupping and so on.
作者
戴洁琛
张忠德
DAI Jiechen;ZHANG Zhongde(The Second Affiliated Hospital To Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Guangdong China 510150)
出处
《中医学报》
CAS
2019年第5期1112-1116,共5页
Acta Chinese Medicine
基金
广东省中医药局创新平台建设项目(YK2013B-2N04)
