摘要
目的评价吡螺脲在云南大山区的杀螺效果和对鱼类的急性毒性,为该药在云南省血吸虫病流行区推广应用提供科学依据。方法在云南省大理州实验室和有螺现场,采用浸杀法和喷洒法开展25%吡螺脲硫酸盐可湿性粉剂(25%PBU)对湖北钉螺滇川亚种的杀灭试验,并观察对鲤鱼的急性毒性。以50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(50%WPNES)为药物对照组。结果 25%PBU室内浸杀钉螺1、2、3 d的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.47、0.25、0.23 mg/L,90%致死浓度(LC90)分别为1.54、0.61、0.49 mg/L;1.0 mg/L 25%PBU浸杀1 d的杀螺效果与1.0 mg/L 50%WPNES对照组相当。4.0 g/m^225%PBU室内喷洒1、3、7 d的钉螺死亡率分别为64.23%、96.67%和100.00%,与1.0 g/m^250%WPNES杀螺效果差异无统计学意义(P均> 0.05)。1、2、4 g/m^325%PBU现场浸杀1 d后钉螺死亡率分别为90.00%、93.33%和100.00%,与1.0 g/m^350%WPNES浸杀效果差异均无统计学意义(P均> 0.05)。2.0 g/m^2和4.0 g/m^225%PBU现场喷洒3 d后钉螺死亡率分别为86.36%和87.72%,与1.0 g/m^250%WPNES灭螺效果差异均无统计学意义(P均> 0.05)。25%PBU对鲤鱼苗24、48、72 h的LC50值分别为29.38、24.62、23.38 mg/L;72 h观察期内,17.5 mg/L及以下浓度组未发现鱼苗死亡现象。结论 25%PBU是一种可应用于鱼塘等环境灭螺的生态保护型新型杀螺剂,其在云南省血吸虫病流行区现场浸杀灭螺的建议剂量为1 g/m^3,喷洒灭螺建议剂量为2 g/m^2。
Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal activity of a novel molluscicide pyriclobenzuron against Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni in the mountain regions of Yunan Province, and test its toxicity to fish, so as to provide scientific evidence for the extensive application of this molluscicide in schistosomiasis-endemic foci of Yunan Province. Methods In the laboratory and snail-breeding field of Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, the molluscicidal activity of 5% wettable powder of pyriclobenzuron sulphate(25% PBU) against O. hupensis robertsoni was assessed by using the immersion and spraying method, and the acute toxicity of 25% PBU to carp fries was tested, while 25% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt(50% WPNES) served as a control. Results The 1-, 2-and 3-day 25% PBU LC50 and LC90 values were 0.47, 0.25 and 0.23 mg/L, and 1.54, 0.61 and 0.49 mg/L for O. h. robertsoni by using the immersion method in laboratory, and immersion with 25% PBU at 1.0 mg/L for 1 day achieved a comparable molluscicidal efficacy in relative to 50% WPNES at 1.0 mg/L. Spraying with 25% PBU at 4.0 g/m^2 achieved 1-, 3-and 7-day snail mortalities of 64.23%, 96.67% and 100.00% in laboratory, respectively, which were not significantly different from those caused by treatment with 50% WPNES at 1.0 g/m^2(all P values > 0.05). One-day field immersion with25% PBU at doses of 1, 2 and 4 g/m^3 resulted in snail mortalities of 90.00%, 93.33% and 100.00%, respectively, which were not significantly different from those caused by treatment with 50% WPNES at 1.0 g/m^3(all P values > 0.05), and 3-day field spray-ing with 25% PBU at doses of 2.0 and 4.0 g/m^2 caused snail mortalities of 86.36% and 87.72%, respectively, which were not significantly different from those caused by 50% WPNES treatment(both P values > 0.05). The 24-, 48-and 72-hour LC50 values of25% PBU to carp fries were 29.38, 24.62 and 23.38 mg/L, respectively, and no fish death was observed within 72 hours of exposure to 25% PBU at a concentration of 17.5 mg/L and lower. Conclusion 25% PBU is a novel, highly potent and environmentfriendly molluscicide that is feasible in fish ponds, and the recommended dose is 1 g/m^3 for field immersion and 2 g/m^2 for field spraying in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province.
作者
罗秉荣
王味思
姚俊敏
李石柱
杨华
杨敬
陈绍荣
刘榆华
段李平
LUO Bing-Rong;WANG Wei-Si;YAO Jun-Min;LI Shi-Zhu;YANG Hua;YANG Jing;CHEN Shao-Rong;LIU Yu-Hua;DUAN Li-Ping(Dali Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Yunnan Province, Dali 671000, China;National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China)
出处
《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期115-120,共6页
Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control
关键词
湖北钉螺滇川亚种
血吸虫病
吡螺脲
灭螺效果
鱼毒性
云南省
Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni
Schistosomiasis
Pyriclobenzuron
Molluscicidal effect
Fish toxicity
Yunnan Province
