摘要
利用1960—2018年塔城地区9个气象观测站冻土深度及同期气温观测资料,采用数理统计方法分析了其分布状况、变化特征及其与气象因子的关系,结果表明:近59a塔城地区最大冻土深度均在120cm以上,大值区主要分布在中部、南部及托里,冻结初日最早出现于9月上旬,最晚结束于5月中旬;年最大冻土深度除额敏以4.00cm/10a的速率显著增多外,其余各站均表现为减少趋势,其中克拉玛依减幅最大;月际变化中1、2、5、9、10月仅个别站表现为增多趋势,其余站表现为减少趋势,而3、4、11、12月9站均表现为一致的减少趋势;塔城地区最大冻土深度年际变异系数均表现为中等变异性,表明其对气候变化的响应较敏感;平均冻土深度年代际变化呈现“浅—深—浅—浅—浅—浅”的变化趋势,从1980年代开始平均冻土深度逐渐变浅;影响最大冻土深度变化的因子主要有年(月)平均气温、平均最低气温及气温日较差。
On the basis of the dataset of frozen soil depth and air temperatures observed by meteorological observatories during 1960-2018 in Tacheng region,it was analyzed that the relationships among distribution,change characteristics and meteorological factors by using the method of mathematical statistics,The results showed that the maximum depth of frozen soil were above 120 cm in recent 59 years,and the high value areas mainly were located in the middle and south region and Tuoli station.The first appearance date of frozen soil appeared in the early September and the last appearance date appeared in the mid-May.The annual maximum depth of frozen soil increased significantly in Emin County(4.00 cm/10 a),the other stations showed decreasing trends and the most decreased range appeared in Karamay.The maximum depth of frozen soil in few stations increased in January,February,may,September and October,the other stations showed decreasing trends,but the maximum depth of frozen soil showed decreasing trends in March,April,November and December.The coefficient of variation of the maximum depth was medium variability in all stations.It showed that the responses were very sensitive to climate change.The inter-decadal variation of average depth has changed alternately(shallow-deep-shallow-shallow-shallow-shallow)since the 1980s,and the average depth of frozen soil has gradually decreased.The main factors on variation of the maximum depth of frozen soil were the annual(monthly)mean temperature,the average minimum temperature and the daily range of temperature.
作者
井立红
高婧
秦榕
井立军
董海英
陈瑶
王金辉
阿来依·艾丁
JING Lihong;GAO Jing;QIN Rong;JING Lijun;DONG Haiying;CHEN YAO;WANG Jinghui;Alaiyi Aiding(Center of Central Asia Atmospheric Sciences Research,Urumqi 830002,China;Tacheng Meteorological Bureau,Tacheng 834700,China;Shawan Meteorological Bureau,Shawan 833000,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Information Center,Urumqi 830002,China;Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture Meteorological Bureau,Artux 845350,China)
出处
《沙漠与绿洲气象》
2019年第3期88-93,共6页
Desert and Oasis Meteorology
基金
中亚大气科学研究基金项目“塔城盆地暴风雪天气对公路交通影响及预报(caas201717)”资助
关键词
季节性冻土
变化特征
影响因子
seasonal frozen soil
variation characteristics
influencing factors
