摘要
目的了解2016~2018年青州市疑似预防接种异常反应(adverseeventsfollowingimmunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统和疫苗预防接种的安全性。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统导出2016~2018年青州市AEFI个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析AEFI监测数据及监测系统指标。结果 2016~2018年青州市共报告AEFI病例559例,报告发生率为48.09/10万剂次(P>0.05);其中一般反应557例、占99.64%;异常反应2例、占0.36%。全市AEFI报告覆盖率达100.00%。AEFI发现后48 h内报告率为100.00%;<2岁共465例、占83.18%;<1岁儿童285例、占50.98%。<12月龄婴幼儿AEFI例数较多的依次为:9~月龄62例、占21.75%;8~月龄48例、占16.84%;6~月龄36例、占12.63%。AEFI发生间隔多在接种1 d内502例、占89.80%。发生最多的临床症状为发热、红肿、硬结557例、占99.64%。AEFI发生例数较多的疫苗依次为:吸附无细胞百白破疫苗181例、占32.38%;乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)减毒活疫苗96例、占17.17%;麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗45例、占8.05%(P<0.01)。结论 2016~2018年青州市AEFI监测系统灵敏性较高,疫苗安全性良好。
Objective To understand the characteristics of AEFI during 2016-2018 in Qingzhou city,and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and the safety of vaccination. Methods The AEFI data were collected from the AEFI information management system,and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data and surveillance indexes. Results A total of 559 AEFI cases were reported during 2016-2018 in Qingzhou city,the reported incidence was 48. 09/10^5 ( P >0. 05), including 557 cases of general reaction(99. 64%) and 2 cases of vaccination abnormal reaction(0. 36%). The coverage rate for reported AEFI was 100% in the vaccination. The reporting rate was 100% within 48 hours after the discovery of AEFI;465 cases aged <2 years old (83. 18%);285 cases aged <1 year old(50. 98%);among the AEFI cases aged <12 months,62 cases aged 9-10 month (21. 75%);48 cases aged 8-9 month( 16. 84%);and 36 cases aged 6-7 month (12. 63%). A total of 502 cases occurred in 1 day after vaccination, accounting for 89. 80%. The most frequent clinical symptoms were fever,local swelling indurations (557 cases,99. 64%). The most frequently reported AEFI related vaccines were as follows:DTaP (181 cases,32. 38%);attenuated JE vaccine (96 cases, 17. 17%);MR(attenuated) vaccines (45 cases,8. 08%)( P<0. 01). Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Qingzhou city performs in a highly sensitive mode. The safety of the vaccines is good.
作者
潘占华
邱德山
PAN Zhan-hua;QIU De-shan(Qingzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Qingzhou , Shandong, 262500,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2019年第5期341-344,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
潍坊市卫生和计划生育委员会(wfwsjs_2018_044)——潍坊市麻疹疫情变迁因素分析与预防控制策略探讨研究
关键词
疑似预防接种异常反应
疫苗
监测
Adverse events following immunization (AEFI)
Vaccine
Surveillance
