摘要
目的分析血清学检测方法在抗-HIV中的应用。方法选取2018年1月~6月我院行HIV抗体检测的血清标本140例,分别采用化学发光免疫法(CLIA)、酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和胶体硒免疫层析法(ICA)三种方法检测,并与WB金标准法比较,观察每种检测方法的阳性率,灵敏度,特异性。结果CLIA的阳性和阴性(73.61%,89.71%)符合率高于ELISA(70.83%,86.76%)和ICA(66.75%,82.09%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CLIA的灵敏度、特异性、准确度高于ELISA和ICA,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CLIA的漏检率、误诊率低于ELISA和ICA,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CLIA的阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于ELISA和ICA,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论CLIA和ELISA的灵敏度、特异性及自动化程度均较高,适用于大批量标本的筛查。ICA的灵敏度和特异性相对较低,但操作简便快捷,对于急诊及小量标本的筛查比较适合。
Objective To analyze the application of serological tests in anti-HIV. Methods A total of 140 serum samples from HIV antibody testing in our hospital from January to June 2018 were selected, including chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colloidal selenium immunochromatography (ICA). The method was tested and compared with the WB gold standard method to observe the positive rate, sensitivity and specificity of each method. Results The positive rate of positive and negative (73.61%, 89.71%) of CLIA was higher than that of ELISA (70.83%, 86.76%) and ICA (66.75%, 82.09%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CLIA were higher than ELISA and ICA, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The rate of missed detection and misdiagnosis of CLIA was lower than ELISA and ICA, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CLIA were higher than ELISA and ICA, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The sensitivity, specificity and automation of CLIA and ELISA are high, which is suitable for the screening of large-scale specimens. The sensitivity and specificity of ICA are relatively low, but the operation is simple and quick, and it is suitable for screening emergency and small specimens.
作者
江灵
王华
王雨涵
雷丽明
黄远帅
JIANG Ling;WANG Hua;WANG Yu-han;LEI Li-ming;HUANG Yuan-shuai(Department of Blood Transfusion,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan,China)
出处
《医学信息》
2019年第13期155-156,159,共3页
Journal of Medical Information
关键词
HIV抗体
化学发光免疫法
酶联免疫吸附试验
胶体硒免疫层析法
HIV antibody
Chemiluminescence immunoassay
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Colloidal selenium immunochromatography
