摘要
为明确半干旱地区草甸土玉米栽培过程中生物炭的最佳施用量,进行了田间小区试验,研究了生物炭不同施用量(0t/hm^2、10t/hm^2、20t/hm^2、40t/hm^2、80t/hm^2)对土壤养分、土壤酶活性及产量的影响。结果表明:施用生物炭对土壤有机碳、全氮、速效钾含量均有提高作用,且均与施炭量成正相关。但土壤有效磷含量在生物炭施用量80t/hm2时最显著。土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性也均表现为施炭量80t/hm2促进作用更明显,且持续时间更长。不同生物炭施用量对玉米产量均有促进作用,10t/hm2、20t/hm2、40t/hm2、80t/hm2处理玉米产量分别较对照增加了1.16%、9.97%、28.53%、42.13%。因此,生物炭的施用改善了土壤养分状况、提高了土壤酶活性、促进了产量形成,在0~80t/hm2的施用范围内,随着生物炭施用量的增加,其作用效果更为显著。
In order to determine the optimal application amount of biochar on maize cultivation in meadow soil in semi-arid area, a field plot experiment were carried out to study the effects of different amounts of biochar (0 t/ha, 10 t/ha, 20 t/ha, 40 t/ha, 80 t/ha) on soil nutrient, soil enzyme activity and crop yields.Results showed that biochar addition increased the content of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and available potassium, which were positively correlated with the application rate of biochar.The treatment of 80 t/ha significantly improved the contents of soil available phosphorus, and the soil enzymes activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase and catalase, and the effect lasted longer.The application of biochar at different dosage promoted the maize yield.The treatment of 10 t/ha, 20 t/ha, 40 t/ha, 80 t/ha increased by 1.16%, 9.97%, 28.53% and 42.13% in comparison with control, respectively. Therefore, the application of biochar improved soil nutrient status, the soil enzyme activity, and promoted crop yields.With the increase of the application amount of biochar in the range of the 0-80 t/ha, its effect was more significant for maize cultivation in meadow soil in semi-arid area.
作者
王智慧
殷大伟
王洪义
赵长江
李佐同
WANG Zhihui;YIN Daweil;WANG Hongyi;ZHAO Changjiang;LI Zuotong(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University /Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization /Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province,Daqing 163319,China)
出处
《东北农业科学》
北大核心
2019年第3期14-19,共6页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家“十三五”重点研发项目(2017YFD0200803)
黑龙江八一农垦大学三横三纵支持计划(ZRCPY201803)
黑龙江八一农垦大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(XC2018006)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZY16A06)
农垦总局课题(HNK135-02-05)
农业部东北地区作物栽培科学观测实验站开放课题(2017-4)
关键词
生物炭
玉米
土壤养分
土壤酶活性
产量
Biochar
Maize
Soil nutrients
Soil enzyme activity
Yield
