摘要
中国的共享单车行业经历了萌芽期、发展期、高峰期以及瓶颈期,目前处于恢复理性经营的平稳期,通过对比主要ofo、摩拜、哈罗单车等企业共享单车的定价、维护和融资等经营策略,分析其盈利情况及其经济属性,并对共享单车未来的市场结构、商业模式以及管理模式作出研判,研究发现,共享单车企业盈利存在的最主要问题是定价模式不合理,共享单车与共享经济的本质相差甚远,更符合租赁经济的发展模式;共享单车未来将呈现极少数企业主导的市场结构,采用遵循市场化原则的租赁经营模式以获取持续盈利的能力,并伴随着更为精细的市场准则和企业规范逐步建立和完善共享单车良好的市场秩序。研究结果表明,共享单车未来的发展应从盈利模式、经营管理模式以及政府的监管方面进行提高。
China’s bicycle sharing industry has experienced the germination period,development period,peak period and bottleneck period of development,and is now in a stable period of restoring rational operation.By comparing the pricing,maintenance and financing strategies of major shared bike companies (ofo,Mobike,Hello Bike,etc.),analyzing their profitability and economic attributes,and studying and determining the market structure,business model and management model of bicycle sharing in the future,this paper concludes that the main problem in the profit of bicycle sharing companies is that the pricing model is unreasonable,that the essence of bicycle sharing is far from that of shared economy,which is more in line with the development model of rental economy.It believes that the future market structure of bicycle sharing will be oligopoly,with companies adopting the leasing operation mode which follows the marketization principles in order to obtain the ability of sustained profit,more refined market criteria and corporate norms gradually established and the good market order of bicycle sharing improved.The research results of this paper indicate that the future development of bicycle sharing should be focused on the aspects of profit mode,operation and management model and government supervision.
作者
欧国立
张瑞琪
王兴婧
OU Guoli;ZHANG Ruiqi;WANG Xingjing(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《长安大学学报（社会科学版）》
2019年第4期70-81,共12页
Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition)
基金
首都高端智库重大决策咨询项目(2018ZKZD002)
关键词
共享单车
租赁经济
共享经济
融资
ofo
摩拜
哈罗
美团
支付宝
bicycle sharing
rental economy
shared economy
financing
ofo
Mobike
Hello Bike
Meituan
Alipay
