摘要
新技术的快速发展正在改变着我们的社会,也影响着安全及军事格局。在当今的武装冲突中,网络技术的应用已成为现实。网络行动具有特殊的技术特征、可能带来人道代价,特别是针对医疗部门或其他诸如电力、供水或卫生等重要民用基础设施的网络攻击可能会给平民居民造成损害后果。因此,为了保护武装冲突中的平民居民和民用基础设施,承认网络战不是法律空白,而是受到包括国际人道法在内的国际法规范,这一点非常重要。但是,这种新技术的特征给国际人道法规则的解释带来了一些挑战。虽然本文提出了一些解决途径,但是仍然需要进一步的讨论,以澄清既有的国际人道法原则及规则该怎样适用,它们是否恰当且充分,或者是否需要在现有法律的基础上进一步发展。
The ever-faster development of new technologies is transforming societies. It is also affecting the security and military landscape, and the use of cyber technology has become a reality in today’s armed conflicts. This article explores first the specific technical characteristic of cyber operations and their potential human cost. In particular, cyber attacks against the healthcare sector or other critical civilian infrastructure such as electricity, water or sanitation can have harmful effects on the civilian population. For the protection of the civilian population and civilian infrastructure during armed conflicts, it is therefore critical to recognize that cyber warfare do not occur in a legal void but is regulated by international law, including international humanitarian law (IHL). The specific characteristics of this new technology however raise several challenges for the interpretation of IHL rules. While the article proposes some avenues, further discussions may be needed to clarify how existing IHL principles and rules apply, whether they are adequate and sufficient, or whether further development the law is needed.
出处
《国际法研究》
2019年第4期3-17,共15页
Chinese Review of International Law
关键词
网络行动
网络战
国际人道法
可适用性
适用
Cyber Operations
Cyber Warfare
International Humanitarian Law
Applicability
Application
