摘要
目的评价舰艇湿热防护服装及其可拆卸设计对人体生理变化的影响。方法通过人工气候舱人体着穿实验,从耳膜温度、心率、皮肤表面温度、衣下微环境相对湿度以及人体主观感觉5个方面,对比站立和行走2个阶段中,穿着拆卸衣袖(1#)和非拆卸衣袖(2#)的舰艇湿热防护服时人体生理变化情况和着装感受。结果穿着1#防护服和2#防护服站立和行走时,耳膜温度36.2~37.0 ℃,1#略低于2#;心率83~142次/min,1#略低于2#;皮肤温度36.2~36.7 ℃,1#略低于或等于2#;以上指标均处于人体正常生理范围内。衣下微环境相对湿度,左、右手臂部位1#低于2#。着防护服时,人体主观热感觉、湿感觉、闷感觉不明显,舒适感觉良好,1#综合评分优于2#。结论站立或行走时,着装人体未产生严重的生理负荷,防护服可提供基本的热量散失,使人体维持正常生命体征。防护服袖子可拆卸设计可有效减低人体的皮肤温度和衣下微环境相对湿度,加强服装内外对流散热,缓解人体热应激,提高着装舒适性。
Objective To evaluate the effects of removable design on the comfort of the shipboard wet and hot protective suit. Methods The suit-wearing experiment was conducted in the artificial climate chamber. The physiological changes and the sensation of comfort were compared during the stages of standing and walking from the perspectives of eardrum temperature, heart rate, skin surface temperature, relative humidity within the suit and subjective feeling, when wearing the shipboard wet and hot protective suit with or without the removable sleeves. Results The eardrum temperature during the stages of standing and walking when wearing the shipboard wet and hot protective suit with or without the removable sleeve was within the range of 36.2-37.0 ℃, with that of the first group being slightly lower than that of the second group. The heart rate was within the range of 83-142 beats/min, with that of the first group also being slightly lower than that of the second group. The average skin temperature was within the range of 36.2-36.7 ℃, with that of the first group being slightly lower than or equal to that of the second group. All the above indexes were within normal physiological ranges. With regard to relative humidity within the suit microenvironment, the relative humidity at the sites of the left and right arms in the first group was lower than that of the second group. When wearing the protective suit, the subjective sensations of heat, humidity and suppression could not be obviously felt, but with a good sensation of comfort, and the general scores of the first group were superior to those of the second group. Conclusion When wearing the protective suit either with standing or walking postures, the human body would not respond with serious physiological heat load with fairly good heat dissipation, thus enabling the human body to maintain normal vital signs. The removable sleeve design of the protective suit could effectively reduce skin surface temperature and relative humidity. Improvement of heat dissipation inside and outside the suit and alleviation of heat stress could further enhance the comfort of the suit.
作者
刘丽英
刘林
赵琳琳
Liu Liying;Liu Lin;Zhao Linlin(Naval Special Medical Center, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第3期218-224,共7页
Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine
基金
全军后勤科研计划重大项目(AHJ14C015).
关键词
舰艇防护服
可拆卸设计
湿热舒适性
人体着穿试验
Shipboard protective suit
Removable design
Comfort under wet and hot environment
Wearing test
