摘要
综述了低湿度测量领域的研究现状。从重量法、冷镜式露点法、电解法、大气压电离质谱法、激光吸收法和传感器法等原理阐述了低湿度测量的原理及构造。重量法是公认的准确度最高的湿度绝对测量方法,许多国家根据此原理建立了湿度基准;冷镜式露点仪在许多实验室中用作湿度计量标准;电解法湿度仪具有结构简单、使用寿命长、测量精度较高、测量范围广的特点,适合在气田应用,是天然气中水含量测定的行业标准方法;大气压电离质谱法在测量气体中的微量水分具有高灵敏度与高可靠性的优点;可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱法可以弥补露点仪在响应速度和价格成本上的不足,已成为气体快速在线检测的有效方法之一。未来低湿度测量领域会向高精度、高灵敏度、快速测量的方向发展。
The research status in the field of low humidity measurement was reviewed. The principle and structure of low humidity measurement were expounded one by one from the principles of gravimetry, chilled mirror dew point method, electrolysis method, atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry, laser absorption method and resistance capacitance method.Gravimetric method was recognized as the absolute humidity measurement method with the highest accuracy. Many countries have established humidity standards based on this principle. Chilled mirror dew point meters were used as humidity datum standards in many laboratories. Electrolytic moisture analyzer had the characteristics of simple structure, long service life, high measurement accuracy and wide measurement range. It was suitable for gas field application and was the industry standard method for water content determination in natural gas. Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry has the advantages of high sensitivity and high reliability in measuring trace moisture in gases. Tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrometry can make up for the shortcomings of dew point meter in response speed and price cost, and it had become one of the effective methods for fast on-line gas detection. In the future, the field of low humidity measurement will develop towards high precision, high sensitivity and fast measurement.
作者
蔡晨
张学范
辛宗伟
崔剑
孙文慧
任万杰
CAI Chen;ZHANG Xuefan;XIN Zongwei;CUI Jian;SUN Wenhui;REN Wanjie(Shandong Nonmetallic Materials Research Institute,Jinan 250031,China)
出处
《化学分析计量》
CAS
2019年第A01期120-124,共5页
Chemical Analysis And Meterage
关键词
低湿度
测量
冷镜式
激光吸收法
low humidity
measurement
chilled mirror
laser absorption
