摘要
数字货币给现有金融监管体制带来了诸多挑战,技术与应用的融合导致数字货币法律定性多元化,参差不齐的去中心化和强匿名性造成监管困难,而智能合约的应用体现了对法律功能的替代。我国以法定货币为核心的传统货币法没有正确回应数字货币给金融监管带来的挑战,而域外将数字货币视为合法支付工具的货币法规范也无法解决数字货币内部治理与智能合约的规制难题。为了对数字货币进行有效的法律规制,不仅需要扩大法律上的货币定义,承认数字货币是合法的支付工具,并建立起相应的市场准入、反洗钱措施、信息披露与投资者适当性等消费者保护措施,还需认识到数字货币具有的制度性特征,保障数字货币使用者参与数字货币系统的日常运作,通过监管科技将监管机构作为数字货币系统中的“特权节点”,并合理分配智能合约与法律的界限。
Digital money brings many challenges to the existing financial supervision system.The integration of technology and application leads to the diversification of legal nature of digital money.The uneven decentralization and strong anonymity make supervision difficult.The application of intelligent contract embodies the substitution of legal function.The traditional monetary law with legal currency as its core has not correctly responded to the challenges brought by digital currency to financial supervision,and the monetary law norms that regard digital currency as a legal payment instrument abroad can not solve the problems of internal governance of digital currency and regulation of intelligent contracts.In order to regulate digital currency effectively,we not only need to expand the legal definition of currency,recognize that digital currency is a legitimate payment tool,and establish corresponding consumer protection measures such as market access,anti-money laundering measures,information disclosure and investor appropriateness,but also need to recognize the institutional nature of digital currency.Features ensure that users of digital money participate in the daily operation of the digital money system.Regulators are regarded as “privileged nodes” in the digital money system through regulatory technology,and the boundaries between intelligent contracts and laws are reasonably allocated.
作者
柯达
KE Da(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《商业研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第7期133-142,共10页
Commercial Research
关键词
货币法
区块链
数字货币
区块链治理
监管科技
Monetary Law
Block Chain
Digital Currency
Block Chain Governance
Regulatory Science and Technology
