摘要
闽粤荔枝优劣之争一直是荔枝书写中的潜伏因素。从汉代至中唐,岭南荔枝一直占据着荔枝史的首要位置。然而中唐以降,其地位受到来自四川和福建的挑战。宋代以后,荔枝闽优粤劣更是伴随着蔡襄的《荔支谱》变成了主旋律;以徐火勃为中心的晚明福建士人牢牢地控制着这个话语权,并不断在荔枝谱录和文学文献中巩固这个看法。入清之后,重夺荔枝话语权促进了岭南荔枝书写的繁荣,最终依靠学海堂所形成的学术共同体,在谭莹《岭南荔支词》和吴应逵《岭南荔支谱》的创作中全面回应了福建士人荔枝评品的定谳。这个现象表明的不仅仅是荔枝一物所体现出来的价值优劣,而是荔枝背后地域文化的发展和竞争。
The rank of litchis from Fujian and Guangdong have always been a controversial topic in the literature.From the Han Dynasty to the Middle Tang Dynasty, the Lingnan litchis have always occupied the primary position. However, after the middle Tang Dynasty, its status was challenged by Sichuan and Fujian. After the Song Dynasty, the Fujian litchis were superior and the Guangdong were inferior became the mainstream opinion along with the article of Cai Xiang’s "Litchis’ s Spectrum". The scholar named XuBo in Fujian in Ming dynasty firmly controlled the right of speech which was the Fujian litchis were superior, and constantly proofed in the texts. After the Qing Dynasty, regaining the right of speech of litchis promoted the prosperity of writing about litchis in Lingnan, and finally formed the academic community "XueHaiTang". In the creation of Tan Ying’s poem "Lingnan Litchis" and Wu Yinggui’s book "Lingnan Litchis’ Spectrum ", it comprehensively responded to the Fujian scholars’ evaluation of litchis. This phenomenon shows not only the value of litchis, but also the development and competition of regional culture.
