摘要
为考察同胞关系质量对头胎幼儿共情的影响,本研究采用问卷调查法和情景访谈法对127名5~6岁的头胎幼儿进行研究,结果发现同胞年龄差越小,同胞间的亲密行为、竞争行为和冲突行为越多;6岁头胎幼儿与其同胞的亲密行为、竞争行为多于5岁头胎幼儿,冲突行为少于5岁头胎幼儿;头胎幼儿的共情会随着年龄增长而增长,女性头胎幼儿的共情水平高于男性头胎幼儿,与同胞年龄差较小的头胎幼儿有更高的共情;同胞亲密、同胞竞争对头胎幼儿共情有显著的正向预测作用,同胞冲突对头胎幼儿共情有显著的负向预测作用。家长和教师应有意识地帮助幼儿建立亲密友好的同胞关系和同伴关系,并在日常生活中引导幼儿理解他人,学会换位思考,为幼儿共情能力的健康发展创造条件。
A total of 127 first-born young children aged 5~6 was investigated by questionnaire survey and situational interview to investigate the effect of sibling relationship quality on empathy of first-born young children. The results indicated that there were more intimate,competitive and conflicting behaviors among the more closely age-spaced siblings;The intimate and competitive behaviors of the 6-year-old first-born young children were more than that of the 5-year-old first-born young children,and the conflict behaviors were less than that of the 5-year-old first-born young children;With their age increasing,the empathy ability of first-born children aged 5~6 years is improving,the empathy level of female first-born young children is higher than that of male first-born young children,the higher level of empathy is reported by young children whose siblings are close in age;Sibling warmth and sibling rivalry significantly and positively predict the empathy of first-born young children,and sibling conflict significantly negatively predict the empathy of first-born young children. Parents and teachers should consciously help children to establish close and friendly sibling relationship and peer relationship,and guide children to understand others and learn to think the way of others,so as to create conditions for the healthy development of empathy.
作者
张荣臻
曹晓君
冉光明
夏云川
Rongzhen Zhang;Xiaojun Cao;Guangming Ran;Yunchuan Xia(School of Education, China West Normal University,Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 China)
出处
《学前教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第8期52-63,共12页
Studies in Early Childhood Education
基金
四川省社会科学“十三五”规划2017年度项目（编号：SC17C056）
南充市社会科学“十三五”规划2017年度项目（编号：NC2017C053）
西华师范大学英才科研基金项目（编号：17YC196)
关键词
同胞关系质量
头胎幼儿
共情
quality of sibling relationships
first-born young children
empathy
