摘要
为探索宁夏中部干旱带马铃薯适宜的灌水下限和合理的灌水次数,通过设置不同田间持水量的百分比作为土壤水分控制下限来控制灌水次数,分析不同处理对马铃薯株高、叶面积指数和各部位干物质产量,以及对产量和水分利用效率 WUE 的影响。结果表明:灌水下限为75%田间持水量的处理平均各生长指标也较大,如在块茎增长期下限为70%田持和75田持株高最大,平均分别为41.4 cm和39.5 cm,和其他处理之间存在极显著性差异( P <0.01),在生长后期也有一定的延缓衰老的作用。灌水下限为70%田持的处理产量最高,平均为3 9894.2 kg/hm^2,但水分利用效率 WUE 以灌水下限为55%田持处理最大,平均为13.04 kg/m^3,灌水下限为75%田持处理 WUE 最小,平均仅为8.84 kg/m^3。拟合马铃薯腾发量和产量之间相互关系,发现指数模型具有较好的效果,决定系数 R^2达到0.989 3,对其分析可知,当马铃薯ET\-a 大于440 mm时马铃薯产量急剧降低,不利于节水和提高灌水效率。因此,推荐灌水下限为70%田持的灌溉可作为该区域马铃薯生产的参考。
In order to explore the suitable lower limit of irrigation and rational irrigation times for the potato in the arid regions of Ningxia, the number of different field water holding capacity is used as the lower limit of soil moisture control to control the number of irrigation, and the different plant height, leaf area index and the different treatments are analyzed. Dry matter yield at the site, as well as WUE has impact on yield and water use efficiency. The results show that the minimum irrigation limit of 75% of the field water holding capacity of the average growth indicators are also large. For example, the lower limit of the tuber growth period is 70%. The average is 41.4 and 39.5 cm, and other treatment. There is a significant difference between the two groups ( P <0.01), and there is also a certain role in delaying senescence at the late growth stage. The lower limit of irrigation is 70%. The maximum yield of Tianchi is 39 894.2 kg/hm^2, but the water use efficiency WUE is 55% in the lower limit of irrigation, the average is 13.04 kg/m^3, and the irrigation lower limit is 75%. The WUE is the smallest, averaging only 8.84 kg/m^3. Fitting the relationship between the evapotranspiration and yield of potato. It was found that the index model had good results, and the coefficient of determination R^2 reached 0.989 3. The analysis showed that when the potato ET\-a was greater than 440 mm, the potato yield drastically decreased, which was not conducive to water saving and the improvement of irrigation efficiency. Therefore, it is recommended that irrigation with a minimum irrigation limit of 70% of Tianchi be used as a reference for potato production in the region.
作者
张吉孝
金建新
桂林国
ZHANG Ji xiao;JIN Jian xin;GUI Lin guo(Irrigation and Drainage Service Center of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchaun 750002,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Yinchuan 750002, China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2019年第9期64-67,71,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
关键词
膜下滴灌
灌水下限
马铃薯
WUE
under drip irrigation
lower irrigation limit
potato
WUE
