摘要
本文通过对引致创新理论的回顾,深入剖析了中国劳动工资上升如何引发企业的技术创新。借助专利申请数据构建的创新水平指标,经验分析发现劳动工资上升确实会刺激制造业企业进行技术创新,并且这种刺激效应存在异质性:劳动工资上升主要激励企业加大对外观设计的创新力度,对发明创造的影响较小;高技能劳动工资上升对创新的刺激效应更大;劳动密集型、国有控股以及西部地区企业受劳动工资上升的影响更为明显。进一步机制分析表明,劳动工资上升会通过改变利润率促使企业进行技术研发与产品创新。最终,本文也间接证实了劳动工资上升引致劳动节约型技术进步的存在。在中国制造业结构转型的背景下,政府应充分利用政策手段与市场机制的结合来实现企业从"中国制造"向"中国创造"的转变。
Through a review of Hicks’ Wage Theory,this paper investigates how China’s labor wage raise triggers technological innovation of enterprises. We build innovation indicators based on the patent application data. Empirical analysis indicates that increasing labor wage would stimulate the manufacturing enterprises to innovate. This stimulating effect is heterogeneous: the rise in labor wages mainly encourages enterprises to do more appearance designs rather than invention and creation;the wage increase of high-skilled labor has a greater stimulating effect on innovation;the labor-intensive,state-controlled and western enterprises are easier to be affected by the wages. In addition,mechanism analysis shows that the rise in labor wages will encourage enterprises to conduct technological research and product innovation by reducing profit rate. Finally,this paper also indirectly confirms that the wage increase can lead to labor-saving technological progress.Under the structural transformation of China ’s manufacturing industry,the government should make full use of policy tools and market mechanisms to promote enterprises to transform from"Made in China"to"Made by China".
作者
蒋殿春
王小霞
李磊
Jiang Dianchun;Wang Xiaoxia;Li Lei(School of International Economic Research,Nankai University)
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期50-62,共13页
Economic Review
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“世界经济新格局下的创新保护研究”(项目号:18AZD001)的资助
关键词
劳动工资
引致创新
专利申请
技能工资
Labor Wage
Induced Invention
Patent Application
Skill Wage
