摘要
本文基于探索性案例研究方法,探讨开放式创新实施的情境、实施路径和效应,在深入分析创新情境、开放式创新和创新能力动态变化轨迹的基础上,试图构建一个"创新情境--开放式创新--创新能力"的整合性分析模型。依据这一研究框架,文章对在开放式创新方面有代表性的海尔集团做了2009-2018年纵向案例研究。本文研究丰富了开放式创新的内核,从作用于创新链的节点、交易逻辑和类型等三方面诠释了开放式创新的内涵;定义了开放式创新的类型,提出从驱动力、创新链开放节点、交易逻辑、知识流、卷入的创新资源、沟通方式、沟通频率和核心特征等8个维度定义开放式创新,认为可划分为内部依赖-内向型、主导参与-内向型、主导参与-双向型、社群共创-双向型4种类型。研究结论发现,由技术控制力和创新活跃度反映的创新情境是决定开放式创新模式选择的依据,开放式创新是一个依据企业面临环境和战略选择发生的连续的、动态的创新资源吸引、整合、利用、释放和扩散过程,随着创新情境越来越有利,开放式创新依次经历内部依赖-内向型、主导参与-内向型、主导参与-双向型、社群共创-双向型4个阶段,与之对应的创新能力则沿着"技术创新能力-整合创新能力-生态创新能力"的路径演化。本文的理论贡献在于:丰富了开放式创新的内核,定义了开放式创新的类型,并基于创新情境、开放式创新与创新能力动态演化路径提出了COC模型,为企业如何实施开放式创新提供了理论支撑和实践指导。
Based on the exploratory case study method, this paper discusses the implementation context, implementation path and effect of open innovation. On the basis of in-depth analysis of the dynamic evolution of innovation context, open innovation and innovation ability, this paper tries to construct an integrated analysis model of "innovation context-open innovation-innovation ability". According to this research framework, the paper makes a longitudinal case study of Haier Group, which is representative in open innovation from 2009 to 2018. This paper enriches the core of open innovation, and interprets the connotation of open innovation from three aspects: node, transaction logic and type;defines the types of open innovation from eight dimensions: driving force, open node of innovation chain, transaction logic, knowledge flow, involved innovation resources, communication mode, communication frequency and core characteristics, which concludes IDOT, DPOT, DPCT and CCCT. The results show that the innovation context reflected by technological control and innovation activity is the basis for the choice of open innovation mode. Open innovation is a continuous and dynamic process of attracting, integrating, utilizing, releasing and diffusing innovation resources according to the environment and strategic choice of enterprises. As the innovation situation becomes more and more favorable, the open innovation goes through four stages: IDOT, DPOT, DPCT and CCCT, and innovation capability evolves along the path of "technological innovation capability-integrated innovation capability-ecological innovation capability". The theoretical contribution of this paper is that it enriches the core of open innovation, defines the types of open innovation, and puts forward COC model based on innovation context, dynamic evolution path of open innovation and innovation capability, which provides theoretical support and practical guidance for enterprises how to implement open innovation.
作者
刘海兵
LIU Hai-bing(School of Economics and Management,Lanzhou jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Management,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期1680-1693,共14页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
中国工程院学部项目(2017-XY-39)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71572177)
兰州交通大学“天佑青年托举人才”计划
