摘要
1902年中英议定《续议通商行船条约》(又称《马凯条约》)过程中,“城口”之争成为订约双方的焦点,这桩公案根源于1842年《南京条约》第二款中约本的“城邑”和“港口”与英约本的Cities and Towns 和Cities or Towns 翻译上的不一致。1902年议定商约时,英方代表马凯根据1858 年中英《天津条约》英约本第十一款内Cities and Towns、Cities and Ports 和towns and Ports 等三处原文认为“城口”的含义应为“城邑与港口”(即cities and ports)并以此极力扩张通商口岸权利;而中方代表则将该条约汉约本内唯一对应的译名“(府)城口”解释为“城邑之口”(即城邑之港口或口岸,ports of cities),以对抗英方扩大通商口岸界限特别是扩大免厘区域的意图。谈判中,英方重提为人忽视的1888 年台湾“府城口之争”并将其作为理由,重提中英双方在《天津条约》订立后落实开口事宜时对“城口”的理解。张之洞、刘坤一两位总督在知晓中英约本不一致的情形后,仍极力主张“城口”应理解为“城邑之口”。该桩公案最终并未在1902 年商约谈判中得以解决,但英方也未实现其最初扩张口岸权利的意图。
During the negotiations of Sino-British Commercial Treaty of 1902,the dispute over “城口” was the focus of both sides. Such problem was rooted in the inconsistency between the original phrases“citiesand towns”and the Chinese translation text“城邑”in the second paragraph of Treaty of Nanking of 1842. The British representative James Mackay intended to promote the rights enjoyed by foreigners at the open ports according to the following various expressions: Cities and Towns,Cities and Ports and towns and Ports in the eleventh paragraph of the Sino-British Treaty of Tientsin of 1858. On the other hand,the Chinese representatives interpreted such phrases into“ports of cities”,based on the Chinese translation therein in order to object British proposals. Meanwhile,the British side cited the long neglected disputes of 1888 in Taiwan concerning a similar issue,and the understanding of the“ports of cities”between China and Britain when the 1858 Treaty was concluded and the opening of ports afterwards. Chinese Governor-generals such as Zhang Zhidong and Liu Kunyi made the claim that the“城口”should be understood as the“ports of cities”for the purpose of restricting the privileges of British subjects at the treaty ports. The issue was left pending in 1902 and the intention of the British side to promote the rights in the treaty ports in China thus was frustrated accordingly.
作者
屈文生
万立
QU Wen-sheng;WAN Li
出处
《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期145-157,171,共14页
Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“中英中美不平等条约翻译史研究(1842-1943)”(14BYY015)
