摘要
为深入研究金属矿山岩层移动及地表变形规律,针对大红山铁矿大规模深部崩落法回采岩层冒落及地表变形的特点,分析了深部开采对岩层及地表变形的影响和时空关系。通过矿山现场长期观测及实验室相似模拟试验,揭示了岩层冒落移动变形、地表塌陷过程和"三带"规律,认为金属矿山采用崩落法大规模深部开采后在地表形成了一个以裂隙为引导的塌陷区,明显存在崩落带和裂隙带,弯曲变形带不明显,但其岩层变形过程仍具有"三带"破坏特征。上覆岩层冒落依次经历了三个过程,即首先呈现正三角拱状冒落,向上发展并发育到地表,再形成小范围塌陷,后期以该小范围塌陷点为中心向四周扩张,呈现倒三角的敞开式发育。在上述分析的基础上,进一步分析了矿山深部巷道围岩变形特性及造成破坏的原因,提出了防治上覆岩层冒落的围岩抗变形措施。
In order to further study the metal mine rocking movement law of caving and surface subsidence law,according to the characteristics of rock caving and surface deformation in large-scale deep caving mining in Dahongshan Iron Mine,the influence of deep mining on rock stratum and surface deformation and the space-time relationship are analyzed.Through the long-term on-site observation data in the mine and the similar simulation test in the laboratory,the process of rock stratum caving,movement and deformation and surface collapse,and the law of"three zones"are revealed.It is pointed out that after the large-scale deep mining of the metallurgical mine in the caving method,a crack-oriented subsidence zone is formed on the surface.It is obvious that there exist caving zones and fissure zones,with un-obvious bending deformation zone.But the deformation process of the rock still has"three-zone damage"feature.The overburden rockfall has undergone three processes in sequence,that is,it firstly presents a positive triangular arched upslide,develops upwards to the surface,and then forms a smallscale collapse,then,it expands around the small-scale collapse point,an open development that presents an inverted triangle.Based on the above discussion results,the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of deep mine roadway and the cause of the damage are analyzed,and the corresponding controlling measures for the surrounding rock deformation are proposed.
作者
陆玉根
汪为平
江权
Lu Yugen;Wang Weiping;Jiang Quan(Sinosteel Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Maanshan 243000,China;State Key Laboratory of Safetyand Health for Metal Mines,Maanshan 243000,China;Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第9期45-51,共7页
Metal Mine
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2016YFC0600707)
关键词
深部开采
崩落法
岩层移动变形
地表塌陷
Deep mining
Caving method
Rock layer movement and deformation
Surface subsidence
